Alkaline Earth Metals

Objectives Be able to describe the characteristics, uses and occurrence of alkaline earth metals

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Beryllium (Be) Properties ◦ Stiff ◦ Least dense group 2 metal Use ◦ Used to make lightweight metals because it is stiff and not dense ◦ Mirrors for satellites Occurrence ◦ Not very common ◦ Found in the ores beryl and bertrandite ◦ Also found in emeralds

Magnesium(Mg) Properties ◦ Stiff and not dense (1.7g/cm 3 ) ◦ Burns with a very bright, white light Use ◦ Used to make lightweight metals because it is stiff and not dense Occurrence ◦ 4 th most common element on earth ◦ Found in the ores dolomite, magnesite, talc etc. ◦ Lots dissolved in sea water

Calcium (Ca) Properties ◦ Not dense (1.6g/cm 3 ) ◦ Reacts easily with water Use ◦ Used in living organisms. Eg for bone & teeth ◦ Used to in cement and concrete ◦ Used to make other chemicals Occurrence ◦ 5 th most common element in the Earth’s crust ◦ Found in the ores dolomite, calcite, gypsum ◦ Also dissolved in sea water Ca properties and reactions Burning Ca

Strontium(Sr) Properties ◦ Soft ◦ Reacts quickly with water Use ◦ Making metal alloys ◦ Fireworks Occurrence ◦ 15 th most common element on Earth ◦ Found in the ore celestite Sr and water

Barium Properties ◦ Very soft ◦ Very reactive Use ◦ Making alloys ◦ Fireworks ◦ Barium sulphate used in x rays of the intestines Occurrence ◦ Found in the ore barite Burning Ba Ba and water

Radium (Ra) Properties ◦ Densest group 2 metal ◦ Radioactive ◦ Reacts violently with air and water Use ◦ Medical uses ◦ Used to be used for making luminous paint Occurrence ◦ Found with other radioactive elements Alarm clock

The alkaline earth metals These are in Group 2 of the periodic table They are less reactive than the alkali metals They react rapidly with water and oxygen Reactivity and density increase down the group

The reaction of Magnesium with steam Diagram Method ◦ Lighted Magnesium was placed in steam Results ◦ The Mg burned with a bright white flame as it reacted with the steam. A gas was given off that burnt in the air Conclusion ◦ Mg + 2H 2 O  H 2 + Mg(OH) 2

Objectives Be able to describe the characteristics, uses and occurrence of alkaline earth metals