Genetic Diversity Sorting &recombination of genes in sexual reproduction results in a great variety of gene combinations in the offspring.Do you look EXACTLY.

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Presentation transcript:

Genetic Diversity Sorting &recombination of genes in sexual reproduction results in a great variety of gene combinations in the offspring.Do you look EXACTLY like your brothers & sisters? Genetically diverse populations are more likely to survive changing environments. Greater variation within the species makes a population better suited to adaptation to changes in the environment.

Genetic Diversity Leopard & cheetah populations around the world are in danger because of inbreeding. There is very little genetic variation between any 2 individuals. This makes them VERY susceptible to disease & will likely lead to extinction.

Genetic Diversity Recombination and mutation provide for genetic diversity. Inserting, deleting, or substituting DNA bases can alter genes. This is called mutation. An altered gene in a sex cell may be passed on to every cell that develops from it, causing an altered phenotype.

Crossing-over the physical exchange of chromosomal material between chromatids of homologous chromosomes. Result: Generation of new combinations of genes (alleles). Occurs during Meiosis (making of egg & sperm cells (gametes). recombination

Genetic Diseases Tay-Sachs Disease A hereditary disease that affects young children almost exclusively of eastern European Jewish descent, in which an enzyme deficiency leads to the accumulation of fat in the brain and nerve tissue. Tay-Sachs results in: mental retardation, convulsions, blindness, and ultimately death.

Genetic Diseases Tay-Sachs Disease

Genetic Diseases Huntington’s Disease Huntington’s disease (HD) is an inherited disorder caused by the degeneration of certain nerve cells in the brain. The gene for Huntington’s disease is codominant. (some books say dominant) HD causes bizarre involuntary movements and loss of intellectual abilities (dementia).

Genetic Diseases Huntington’s Disease The condition begins most often in mid-adulthood and progresses slowly to death.

Genetic Diseases Huntington’s Disease The identification of the codominant gene for HD now makes it possible to determine who will develop this disease by examining their DNA from a blood sample in the laboratory. Before, a person only found out they had the gene & disease AFTER having had children.

Huntington’s Disease