Musical Terms Musical Terms Studying music terminology through the 6 concepts Focus: Tone Colour & Texture Stage 6 Music – Musicology (Interactive Whiteboard) Click on the tabs: ‘Tone Colour’ & ‘Texture’ to explore the concepts’ points of discussion

Structure Musical Terms Duration Tone Colour Tone Colour Tone Colour Tone Colour Pitch Texture Dynamics & Dynamics & Expressive Techniques Expressive Techniques Dynamics & Dynamics & Expressive Techniques Expressive Techniques

Tone Colour ⌘ ⌘  Instrumentation Instrumentation  Ensemble Ensemble  Techniques & Effects Techniques & Effects  Category Category  Orchestration Orchestration  Quality Quality

Instrumentation Points of Discussion Identification of Instruments – e.g. (tenor sax, soprano singer, guitar, drums, didjeridoo etc). Traditional Instruments Non-Traditional Instruments Instruments characteristic of specific genres Next  ⌘ ⌘  Back

Ensemble Points of Discussion Ensemble refers to a group of musicians, actors or dancers who perform together. The group can consist of 3 or more people. There are various types of ensembles: Next  ⌘ ⌘ Trios Quartets String Ensemble Orchestral Ensemble Rock Band Traditional/Non- Traditional Ensembles  Back

Techniques & Effects Points of Discussion Mute; glissando; double stopping; flutter tonguing; pizzicato; harmonics; vibrato; sliding/ bending; virtuosity; dexterity; intonation; ornaments (trill, turn etc, appoggiatura). Next  ⌘ ⌘  Back

Category Points of Discussion Category of Instruments Brass, woodwind, strings, chordophone/electrophone etc; Traditional Instruments Non-Traditional Instruments Next  ⌘ ⌘  Back

Orchestration Points of Discussion Roles of Orchestration – Individually and in combination Orchestral Effects Next  ⌘ ⌘  Back

Quality Points of Discussion How an instrument is played – quality of the sound: e.g. Breathy, penetrating, resonant, mellow, majestic, piercing, sonorous, piercing, oily, rich, shrill; harsh Next  ⌘ ⌘  Back

Texture ⌘ ⌘  Texture Definition Texture Definition  Layers Layers  Level of Activity Level of Activity  Role Role  General Type General Type

Texture (Definition) Points of Discussion Texture results from the way voices and/or instruments are combined in music (BOSTES, 1999: Music 1 Syllabus). Texture can be divided into three forms: Layers of sound The function of each layer of sound The roles of instruments and/or voices in each layer of sound Next  ⌘ ⌘  Back More…

Next  ⌘ ⌘ The main aspects to consider when analysing texture:  Back  Back to Texture

General Type Points of Discussion Homophonic; polyphonic; monophonic; heterophonic; Contrapuntal; antiphonal Number of lines; foreground/background emphasis; opposing/complementary Solo; accompaniment. Next  ⌘ ⌘  Back

Layers Points of Discussion Identify the layers of sound creating the texture. Layers can be separated into the following categories: Single melodic line Melody with accompaniment More than one melodic line Countermelody Non-melodic/harmonic lines (e.g. rhythm section or percussion) Next  ⌘ ⌘  Back

Level of Activity Points of Discussion Level of activity refers to the identification of layers at once at a certain time: Sparse/dense Cluttered; busy; confused; well-defined. Role Linear dependence/independence; Harmonic; melodic; Next  ⌘ ⌘  Back

Role Points of Discussion Identification of a musician’s or instrument’s part: Linear dependence/independence Harmonic; melodic; accompaniment; rhythmic support Pulse reinforcing; Countermelodic; Doubling (unison); backing; open/close harmony Next  ⌘ ⌘  Back

Pitch  Melody  Harmony  Chord  Tone  Scale  Octave  Key Signature  Major  Minor  Flat  Sharp ⌘ ⌘

Dynamics & Expressive Techniques  Accelerando  Adaigo  Allegro  Crescendo  Decrescendo  Forte  Fortissimo  Piano  Pianissimo  Staccato  Tie  Legato Legato ⌘ ⌘

Duration  Beat/Pulse  Tempo  Metre  Note Values/Rhythm  Patterns ⌘ ⌘

Structure  Macro Form  Micro Form  Repetition  Unity  Contrast ⌘ ⌘