5/19/14 Mr. Faia 6 th Grade Science

 Name the 2 ways an amphibian can breathe?  How do amphibian larvae breathe?  Name the 3 types of fish.  What is an ectotherm?  What is an endotherm?  List the 3 things all vertebrates have at some point in life?  What eventually becomes a spine in vertebrates?  What eventually becomes a backbone in vertebrates?

 Reptiles:  Ectothermic vertebrates  Have lungs  Scaly skin

 Reptiles include:  Snakes  Lizards  Turtles  Alligators/Crocodiles

 Reptiles have been dominant land animals for 160 million years  About 7,000 species

 Eggs, skin, and kidneys of reptiles are adapted to conserve water

 Reptiles egg has:  Shell  Membranes to protect  Membranes to keep from drying out How is this different than an amphibian shell?

 Eggs are soft and leathery  Have pores to allow oxygen in

 Reptiles have dry, tough skin  Keeps reptile from drying out

 The kidneys of reptiles:  Filter wastes from blood  Concentrate urine to keep water loss at a minimum

 How is the skin of amphibians different from reptiles?  How are the eggs of amphibians different from reptiles?

 Like humans, all breathing is done with the lungs

 Circulatory system has 2 loops, like amphibians  What would be the main difference?

 1 st loop:  Blood goes from heart to lungs  2 nd loop:  Blood goes from heart to tissues

 The heart has 3 chambers  What are they called (Hint: the same as amphibians)

 Lizards and snakes make up most of the reptiles

 Lizards skin has overlapping scales  Skin is shed as the lizard grows

 Snakes and lizards are very similar:  Live in warm places  Have overlapping scales  Shed skin  How is shedding different from molting?

 Snakes contract bands of muscles to move  Attached to ribs and backbone

 All carnivores  Snakes capture prey in a variety of ways  Venom  Constrict  Teeth

 Shell is made of ribs and backbone

 Shell is made of bony plates  Protects the turtle from predators

 Turtles can be carnivores  Leatherback Turtle  Herbivores  Galapagos

 Alligators have broad, rounded snouts  Crocs have pointed snouts  Can see most of their teeth

 Both are carnivores  Mostly hunt at night  Extremely strong jaws

 Protect their nests after laying eggs

 Describe 3 adaptations that allow reptiles to live on land.  Explain how a reptiles egg protects the embryo.  Explain how snakes eat large prey.  What are the main types of reptiles? (5 total)  Are reptiles ectotherms or endotherms?  Describe the skin of a reptile.  Describe the kidney of a reptile.  How do reptiles breathe?  Compare and contrast the hearts of reptiles and amphibians.