DAY 1 AP Literature February 5th, 2015 Freire Charter School Ms. Julie

CLASS BULLETIN: THURS  Today’s Learning Objectives  MacBeth Vocab Set 1: Synonyms  Introduce and Practice Poetic Meter and Scansion  Preview Shakespeare’s Writing Style  What do I put in the bin?  Nothing  What do I need on my desk?  Notebook open for Vocab Who has something to make up? Najah; Davon Who has something to make up? Najah; Davon

MACBETH VOCAB: SET 1 SYNONYMS 1. Plight (n; 4)A. Position 2. Brandish (v; 4)B. Dilemma 3. Dwindle (v; 10)C. Begin 4. Vantage (n; 18)D. Diminish 5. Commence (v; 20)E. Display

RHYTHM & METER RHYTHM: Any “wave-like” recurrence of motion in sound. In speech, our words “rise” and “fall” depending on words' syllables... → Accented / Stressed syllables are given more emphasis. Try saying these words out loud: toDAY toMORrow YESterday

METER Meter : the identifying characteristic of rhythmic language that we can “tap our feet to”. Lines written in a set meter are called “ metrical ”.

METER The basic unit of metrical verse is the FOOT A FOOT is composed of: (1) accented syllable + (1-2) unaccented syllables beforeglory understandwonderful todaydaily interveneyesterday away planet multiple horrible [iambic] [trochaic] [anapestic] [dactylic] *SPONDEE = two accented syllables (“football”)

Writing StyleType of Feet UsedDescription IambicIamb(u /) TrochaicTrochee(/ u) AnapesticAnapest(u u /) DactylicDactyl(/ u u) AmphibrachicAmphibrach(u / u) SpondaicSpondee(/ /) Pyrrhic (u u) Stressed = / and Unstressed = u Poetic Meter

METER To measure metrical verse, count the number of lines: 1 lines = monometer 2 lines = dimeter 3 lines = trimeter 4 lines = tetrameter 5 lines = pentameter 6 lines = hexameter Groups of lines = stanzas

SCANSION The process of defining the metrical form. Let's Review the HW and Practice!

SHAKESPEARE’S WRITING STYLE  Blank Verse: unrhymed iambic pentameter  Iambic = “da dum”  Penta- = 5  Meter = units of sound (or “foot”)  When you notice a change in this pattern…pay attention!  from iambic to trochaic (“dum da”)  from pentameter to tetrameter (5  4 feet)  poetry to prose  Some shifts in language to lookout for…  The witches speak in rhymed couplets of irregular iambic tetrameter  Porter speaks in prose  Lady Macbeth’s sleepwalking scene is in prose

DOETH THOU HOMEWORK  Oedipus essays due on the blog by 8am  Read and annotate “Shakepeare’s Language” packet and review your notes from today’s class: We will have a quiz on this material Monday!

MORE FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE Watch for personification: “pity, like a naked newborn babe” (I.7) “It weeps, it bleeds; and each new day a gash” (IV.3) Hyperbole: “Will all great Neptune’s ocean wash this blood Clean from my hand? … all the perfumes of Arabia will not sweeten this little hand (Act V, Scene I)

MOTIFS Notice how Shakespeare repeats (or repeats and develops) certain themes or phrases: Fair is foul, foul is fair Going against nature / What is natural Cleaning blood from their hands The witches’ abuse of words—ambiguities, hidden meanings Guilt, repression, and madness Sleep and sleeplessness

SHAKESPEARE’S WRITING STYLE Use of Figurative Language  Shakespeare’s characters often speak in similes and metaphors—to expand ideas and amplify imagery Example: “Doubtful it stood; As two spent swimmers, that do cling together And choke their art” (Macbeth I.2)

DRAMATIC DEVICES Soliloquy: Monologue with character is alone on stage  Allows us to witness the conflict between Macbeth’s honorable nature and his ambition combined with his desire to please his wife Aside: The character is speaking either to himself or directly to the audience. There are other characters onstage who by convention do not hear the aside BOTH give the audience insight into the character’s thoughts and emotions…

DRAMATIC DEVICES Foil: a character who highlights or emphasizes certain traits of the main character by contrasting them Allusion: an indirect reference to another event, person or work with which the writer assumes the reader is familiar, including:  Greek and Roman mythology  Roman history  the Bible