The Role of Centers Michael Wiescher Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics University of Notre Dame Definition of Center Expectations from Center Successes & failures of Center JINA as Center Status of JINA Center Future of JINA Center

What is a Center The nucleus as atom center maintained by EM forces Defined in geographic/scientific terms The sun as the planetary center maintained by gravitational forces A black hole as center of galaxy maintained by gravitational forces The idea or concept of centrality becomes key for the origin of religious or scientific centers representing spiritual or intellectual focus.

Scientific Centers have traditionally science centers have formed around personalities (schools) From the School of Athens around Socrates to the Kellogg School of Nuclear Astrophysics around Willy Fowler

From Caltech to RHIC at BNL HRIBF at ORNL ATLAS at ANL LANSCE at LANL Government supported Centers FRIB at MSU Goal oriented government funding provides opportunities for research focus in specific programmatic or science areas and directions such as nuclear astrophysics. Development of few large scale facilities introduce center points for user community attracted by unique research opportunities! Similar research themes generate coupling to other research centers with independent user groups.

Nuclear Theory Centers ECT Trento INT Seattle Theory Center provide broad forum for sub-community meetings and information exchange typically only within a single research community. a Theory centers are not driven by single outstanding personalities or specific research directions within a broader research community but they seek to address community needs such as training, exchange, and communication. Meeting spot for different communities

Requirements for Science Center  Centrality (local or intellectual center )  Commonality (common research goals or common research funding)  Communication (exchange of ideas within and across boundaries, conferences)  Community service (education and training, schools, tool development and data banks)  Leading edge (Intellectually or technically innovative and forefront research) The combination of all these requirements provides “value added” in comparison to any single PI research program.

Interdisciplinary Centers Interdisciplinary centers provide additional challenge  Lack of common language  Lack of common training  Growing specialization  Change of funding patterns  attrition and separation are centrifugal forces which endanger intellectual centers Cosmo- Chemistry Accelerator Astrophysics Computation Techniques Supernova Modeling

The Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics A multi-institutional center founded and funded in 2003 as NSF PFC center should:  Operate a forefront research program  Provide training and education for young scientists  Motivate and initiate new ideas and projects in the field  Generate new collaboration and communication lines  Develop synergy and common forum for the community  Provide service to the scientific community  Operate an efficient and innovative outreach program

JINA Core Institutions University of Notre Dame: Experimenters, Modelers → Experimenters, Modelers, Observers Michigan State University : Experimenters, Observers → Experimenters, Modelers, Observers University of Chicago: Modelers → Modelers, ANL Experimenters Core Growth (ND, MSU, UoC)  through attracting faculty and new faculty hires  Postdoc level constant shifting to partner institutions  Attraction of graduate students Centers for workforce development

JINA Associate Institutions 2003 Argonne National Laboratory 2004 Los Alamos National Laboratory 2004 UC Santa Barbara (until 2007) 2005 U. Arizona (until 2008) 2006 SDSS II networking with 100 other institutions 2006 GSI Darmstadt, Germany 2006 Keele University, UK 2007 Arizona State University 2007 Berkeley National Laboratory 2007 Western Michigan University 2008 EMMI Germany, networking with 15 other institutions 2008 Princeton University 2008 Monash University, Melbourne, Australia 2008 Ohio University 2008 University of Victoria, Canada 2009 University of Minnesota 2009 TU Munich, Germany networking with 10 institutions 2011 Nuclear Astrophysics Virtual Institute NAVI networking with 19 institutions 2012 Institute of Advanced Studies, Sao Paulo, Brazil Steady growth in external participants by attraction by new ideas & developments Conversion from external participant to JINA team member by letter of understanding with JINA

JINA Workshops & Schools Goal of workshops is to: bring the community together identify new challenging topics formulate new research goals provide information and education Frontier meetings are important tool to merge JINA groups Number of JINA sponsored conferences is limited because of budgetary & scheduling reasons Exceptions, 2 schools and Frontier conference Goal of schools is to: provide training in exp. & theo. techniques generate new levels of expertise foster interaction & exchange build a interdisciplinary community 2012

Merging People & Experience JINA - JINA JINA - Non JINA Non JINA - Non JINA Large attendance by all JINA members but also highly attractive for Non-JINA people. through JINA workshops, conferences and schools

The JINA Network Stellar nucleosynthesis Supernova type II Accreting binaries Author distribution reflects the international collaboration structure of JINA Reflected in publication and co-authorship

Wiescher Beers Schatz Truran Interconnection through Nodes Observation Modeling Stable beam nucleosynthesis Radioactive beam nucleosynthesis

JINA JINA concept with worldwide impact UNIVERSE Excellence Center (TU München; MPI Garching; Sternwarte München; ANL; JINA) Australian Center for Nuclear Astrophysics (ANU; Monash; Siding Springs; SkyMapper; JINA) - Host of Nuclei in the Cosmos Chinese Center for Nuclear Astrophysics (Shanghai Jiao Tong University; CIAE, Beijing; CJPL, Jin-Ping; LAMOST; JINA) Institute for Advanced Studies (IEA) of the University of Sao Paulo, Brazil (University of Sao Paulo, Brazil, University of Rio; JINA) Saha/INO (FRENA 3MV accelerator laboratory) (SAHA Institute, Kolkata, India; NSL/ND) EMMI Helmholtz Alliance ; JINA founding member (GSI, German; U. Tokyo, Japan; U. Paris, France; LBNL; JINA) EuroGENESIS EMMI NAVI DOE TC (NuN, JET, TORUS)

The Future of JINA? New proposal is due in 2 years!  What is the future role of JINA?  Does the community need JINA? o New ideas need to be formulated o New research goals and projects need to be defined o Management structure might need to be modified New challenges with FRIB, DIANA, NIF as possible new research facilities Several new JINA-like centers have emerged, opening new connections