DNA Technologies DNA fingerprinting, chromosome painting, and identifying abnormalities. Warm-up Questions: What is the name of the image below? What is the image above supposed to represent?

Chromosome Painting A technique for visualizing chromosome aberrations using fluorescently labeled DNA probes which are hybridized to chromosomal DNA. Chromosome painting is often used to compare genomes of separate species. Human Mouse

Using Karyotypes to Identify Abnormalities Karyotypes can be used to identify abnormalities in a person’s genetic makeup. To identify the abnormality, you must first find where on the karyotype a chromosome is either missing or extra. Then you find which # chromosome is incorrect and use a chart to identify the disease. Identify which chromosome pair contains the abnormality?

Chromosome Affected Developmental Function 21 Mental capabilities and physical development of muscle tone and correct skeletal proportions 13 Development of musculoskeletal and coordination, integumentary system Extra Sex Chromosome Extra chromosome interferes with and lowers male sex chromosome’s testosterone production 18 Important for the development of the digestive and respiratory tracts and smooth muscle Missing Sex Chromosome Missing chromosome interferes with normal gamete formation AfflictionSymptoms Edward Syndrome Kidney malformations, feeding and breathing difficulties, incomplete development of esophagus Turner Syndrome Condition only occurs in females, reproductive sterility Klinefelter Syndrome Smaller testes, reduced muscle strength, weaker bones Down Syndrome Stunted growth, mental impairment, slanted eyes, low muscle tone Patau SyndromeDeformed feet, overlapping of fingers over thumb, cleft pallet, structural eye defects Karyotypes and Abnormalities Contd.

DNA Fingerprinting The sample is compared to other DNA fingerprints. If the cuts match up, the DNA came from the same individual. DNA fingerprinting is often used to find the culprit of a crime. Who did it?! DNA fingerprinting is a technique for identifying who a DNA sample came from by using a restriction enzyme to cut the strand when a particular base series is encountered.

DNA Fingerprinting The sample is compared to other DNA fingerprints. If the cuts match up, the DNA came from the same individual. DNA fingerprinting is often used to find the culprit of a crime. Who did it?! DNA fingerprinting is a technique for identifying who a DNA sample came from by using a restriction enzyme to cut the strand when a particular base series is encountered. VIDEO