Agriculture and Food security related challenges Jerome Mounsey Policy Officer Land Use and Finance for Innovation DG Climate Action European Commission EESC –Brussels 26 January 2016

Agriculture and climate nexus in a world wide context: Agriculture and forestry serve multiple objectives; food production, bioenergy, materials o Agriculture will have to feed a growing and wealthier global population of nine billion people by 2050 will require a 60% increase in global food production (2013). Agriculture and Forestry face many challenges o Degrading soils, extreme weather events.. o Changes in yields and productivity leading to reduced GDP from agriculture and fluctuations of world market prices, increased risk of hunger… o Competition for land between activities o Competition for scarce water resources

Climate change: the physical science basis 5 th IPCC Assessment Report confirms the challenge in keeping global warming below 2°C in 2050 This report also highlights the current and future adaptation challenges due to climate-change : rise of sea level, droughts, extreme weather, floods… Source: IPCC 5th report poster

IPCC 5AR (WGII) Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability (2014)

economies, societies and ecosystems need to adapt to: changes in weather patterns rising sea levels increased frequency and intensity of extreme weather events - storms, floods, droughts and heat waves Cities are particularly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change due to high population density & physical infrastructure. Impacts are already being felt in Europe and across the world

The Paris Agreement

An ambitious Agreement A long-term goal to hold temperature increase to well below 2 0 C, and pursue efforts to limit to C Global emissions to peak as soon as possible, net zero emissions in the second half of the Century Legally binding obligations to maintain successive targets and to pursue domestic mitigation measures – 187 countries have submitted their plans A global stocktake every five years starting in 2018 with increased ambition over time

A fair Agreement Support for vulnerable countries Goal of mobilising $100bn per year extended to 2025, new goal to be set before 2025 widening the donor base Capacity building and technology transfer for developing countries ; support for monitoring, reporting and verification Adaptation at political par; Loss and Damage for the first time part of an international agreement

Intended nationally determined contributions 155 countries with an INDC, over 90% of global emissions All INDCs with mitigation efforts, over 100 INDCs with references to adaptation Indonesia, Brazil, Colombia, Thailand present their INDC in Bonn Oman, U.E.A first INDCs from Gulf countries submitted during Bonn Aggregate global emissions: UNFCCC Synthesis report UNEP Gap report INDC more than numbers: IEA World Energy Outlook: decoupling MILES IDDRI report: air pollution, energy security benefits From nationally determined to collectively ambitious and individually fair – in time for Paris

Climate Action COP21 Paris outcome & land issues Acknowledgement of the importance of food security The need to utilise land & forest sinks very prominent (i.e. sustainable land management)  Continuing discussions on Agriculture (SBSTA), with workshops this May in Bonn.

Climate Action Some possible ways forward on Agriculture & Food security?  Climate smart agriculture (productivity, Resilience & mitigation)  Efforts to reduce food waste (FAO led "Save Food" initiative)  Sustainable land management (prevent desertification & soil degradation)  Capacity building & support  Early warning/crop insurance systems

Climate Action Sustainable development Goals (SDGs) Agriculture & food Security

EU vision and strategic priorities 1.Agriculture as a driver for economic growth & job creation: supporting Private Sector Development and inclusive Agricultural Growth. 2.Promoting a Sustainable Agriculture through its sustainable intensification. 3.Support partner countries in reducing stunting in 7 million children by 2025, with a financial commitment for 3.5 billion Euro: Nutrition Security. 4.Build resilience and enhance crisis prevention & management against food crises: systemic Resilience to Food Crises.

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