Before 1890 mostly Northern & Western After 1890 mostly Southern & Eastern
Ellis Island- Had to pass inspection at immigration station before entering Ellis Island Between 1892 and 1924 about 17 million immigrants passed through Ellis Island
Angel Island- San Francisco Bay
Challenges- Finding a place to live Getting a job Trying to understand different language and culture
Melting Pot- Mixture of people of different cultures and races
Nativism- Favoritism toward Native-born Americans (Anti-immigrant)
1882 Chinese Exclusion Act- Banned entry of all Chinese except students, merchants, teachers, and government officials.
Gentleman’s Agreement ( )- Japan limited emigration of unskilled workers.
Urbanization-growth of cities Improvement in farm technology caused many to move to the cities
Housing-tenements crime Transportation-mass transit (street cars) Water-unsafe drinking water Sanitation-Horse manure, sewage, lack of trash collection
1906 San Francisco Fire 1871 Chicago
Jane Addams-Hull House Chicago Settlement Houses-community centers in slum neighborhoods that provided assistance
Jane Addams established Hull House, the most prominent American settlement house. Addams condemned war as well as poverty. Hull House offered instruction in English, counseling to help immigrants deal with American big-city life, childcare services for working mothers, and cultural activities for neighborhood residents