GPS 3 MATTER

GPS 3 OBJECTIVE THE STUDENT WILL INVESTIGATE AND UNDERSTAND THAT THE PLACEMENT OF ELEMENTS ON THE PERIODIC TABLE IS A FUNCTION OF THEIR ATOMIC STRUCTURE. THE PERIODIC TABLE IS USED FOR INVESTIGATIONS OF (2H) CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES. THE STUDENT WILL INVESTIGATE AND UNDERSTAND THAT THE PHASES OF MATTER ARE EXPLAINED BY THE KINETIC THEORY AND FORCES OF ATTRACTION BETWEEN THE PARTICLES. KEY CONCEPTS INCLUDE (5A) PRESSURE, TEMPERATURE AND VOLUME AND (5D) PHASE CHANGES.

GPS TARGETS CH-2H I CAN IDENTIFY A SUBSTANCE AS AN ELEMENT, COMPOUND OR MIXTURE. I CAN CLASSIFY A MIXTURE AS HOMOGENEOUS AND HETEROGENEOUS. I CAN DETERMINE WHETHER A CHANGE IS CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL. I CAN DETERMINE THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES.

GPS TARGETS CH-5A I CAN TELL THE RELATIVE AMOUNT OF ENERGY OF THE PHASES OF A SUBSTANCE. I CAN TELL IF ENERGY WILL BE RELEASED OR ABSORBED DURING A PHASE CHANGE. I CAN EXPLAIN THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN KINETIC ENERGY AND TEMPERATURE.

GPS TARGETS CH-5D I CAN IDENTIFY THE PHASE CHANGES OF MATTER. I CAN GRAPH AND INTERPRET A HEATING CURVE AND COOLING CURVE (TEMPERATURE VS. TIME). I CAN DESCRIBE THE ENERGY CHANGES IN THE HEATING CURVE OF A SUBSTANCE. I CAN IDENTIFY PHASE CHANGES ON A HEATING CURVE. I CAN IDENTIFY THE MELTING AND BOILING POINT OF A SUBSTANCE IF GIVEN A HEATING CURVE.

VOCABULARY ELEMENT COMPOUND MIXTURE KINETIC MOLECULAR THEORY FREEZING MELTING EVAPORATION CONDENSATION DEPOSITION SUBLIMATION HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURE HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURE BOILING POINT MELTING POINT DENSITY LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MASS SOLID LIQUID GAS

ASSESSMENT FOR GPS 3 SEPTEMBER 25 & 26

ELEMENTS, COMPOUNDS, AND MIXTURES P. 1 A MIXTURE AN ELEMENT A COMPOUND contains just one type of atom. contains two or more types of atom joined together. Substances chemically combined. contains two or more different substances that are not joined together. Substances physically combined. The different substances in a mixture can be elements or compounds.

HETEROGENEOUS AND HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURES HOMO = SAME HETERO = DIFFERENT therefore homogeneous mixtures have the same appearance and properties throughout. therefore heterogeneous mixtures have the different appearances for parts of the mixture and properties vary throughout the mixture.

ELEMENT, COMPOUND, MIXTURE PRACTICE P.1 1.AN UNKNOWN, CLEAR LIQUID IS GIVEN TO YOU IN A BEAKER. YOU TRANSFER THE LIQUID FROM THE BEAKER TO A CLEAN, EMPTY TEST-TUBE, AND BEGIN TO HEAT IT. AFTER A WHILE, YOU SEE WATER VAPORS RISING FROM THE TEST- TUBE. SOON, ONLY FEW CRYSTALS OF SALT ARE LEFT! 2.A BLOCK OF PURE 24-CARAT GOLD 3.A SUBSTANCE IS ANALYZED IN A LABORATORY, AND WHEN VIEWED UNDER AN ELECTRON MICROSCOPE, IT IS REVEALED THAT IT CONTAINS ONLY ONE KIND OF ATOM. 4.'AR', 'ZN', 'W' AND 'XE‘ ARE ARRANGED ON PERIODIC TABLE. 5.AIR

ELEMENTS, COMPOUNDS, AND MIXTURES SORT ACTIVITY Sea water

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CHANGES P. 2 PHYSICAL CHANGES CHEMICAL CHANGES the substance is the same substance before and after the change; include all phase changes Ex: boiling water, crushing ice a new substance is created Ex: frying an egg, lighting a match Law of Conservation of mass = Matter cannot be created or destroyed

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CHANGES PRACTICE P. 2 1.AN ICE CUBE IS LEFT ON THE COUNTER AND MELTS 2.A PIECE OF PAPER IS BURNT 3.BAKING A CAKE 4.DRYING CLAY 5.COMPRESSING A MARSHMALLOW

PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROPERTY? DENSITY COLOR, TEXTURE, APPEARANCE REACTIVITY MALLEABILITY DUCTILITY STABILITY CONDUCTIVITY TRANSPARENCY COMBUSTIBILITY BOILING POINT FLAMMABILITY

DENSITY P. 2-3 A Physical Property Density = Mass Volume Ex: If an object has a mass of 3.48g and a volume of 2.97mL, find its density.

DENSITY EX: IF AN OBJECT HAS A DENSITY OF 2.05G/ML AND A MASS OF 13.09G, FIND ITS VOLUME.

DENSITY PRACTICE P.3 1.AN OBJECT WITH AN UNKNOWN DENSITY HAS A MASS OF 43.89G AND A VOLUME OF 58.21ML. WHAT IS ITS DENSITY? 2.AN OBJECT WITH AN UNKNOWN MASS HAS A VOLUME OF 8.54ML AND A DENSITY OF 3.749G/ML. WHAT IS ITS MASS? 3.AN OBJECT WITH AN UNKNOWN VOLUME HAS A MASS OF G AND A DENSITY OF 1.003G/ML. WHAT IS ITS VOLUME? g/mL 32.0 g mL

HOMEWORK READ GPS 3 COMPLETE GPS 3 MATTER PRACTICE CH-2H

GOT 3 RD & 7 TH 9/17/14 WHAT IS THE VOLUME OF A SOLID THAT HAS A DENSITY OF 1.02G/ML AND A MASS OF 2.41G?

GOT 1 ST, 2 ND & 4 TH 9/18/14 WHAT IS THE VOLUME OF A SOLID THAT HAS A DENSITY OF 1.02G/ML AND A MASS OF 2.41G?

LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MATTER P.4 IT STATES THAT DURING A CHEMICAL REACTION NO MATTER CAN BE CREATED OR DESTROYED. IT IS ALSO REFERRED TO AS THE LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MASS SINCE THE MASS OF THE PRODUCES WILL EQUAL THE MASS OF THE REACTANTS.

PHASES P. 4 3 PHASES OF MATTER : solid, liquid & gas HEATING CURVE: When a substances is heated or cooled the phase changes.

PHASE CHANGES P. 4 SOLID TO LIQUID LIQUID TO SOLID LIQUID TO GAS GAS TO LIQUID SOLID TO GAS GAS TO SOLID Melting Freezing Evaporation Condensation Sublimation Deposition

ENERGY IN THE PHASES P.4 SOLID Definite Shape Definite Volume LIQUID Shape varies depending on container Definite Volume GAS Takes on the shape and volume of the container Kinetic ENERGY INCREASES

KINETIC MOLECULAR THEORY KINETIC ENERGY is energy of motion AS TEMPERATURE INCREASES, KINETIC ENERGY INCREASES All particles are moving THEORY STATES: HOW TO VISUALIZE: GAS PARTICLES = TODDLERS AT A BIRTHDAY PARTY LIQUID PARTICLES = SHOPPERS AT THE MALL SOLID PARTICLES = DEAR GRANDMA

PHASE DIAGRAMS P.5 PHASES ARE DEPENDENT ON TEMPERATURE AND PRESSURE Triple Point: All three phases coexist. Sublimation, condensation, evaporation, melting, freezing and deposition are all taking place

PHASE DIAGRAMS WATER IS DIFFERENT BECAUSE OF ITS BONDING

What phase or phases are present at D? What letter corresponds to only gases being present? What is happening at B? GOT

What is the melting point of this substance? About how many minutes did it take for this substance to begin to boil?

HOMEWORK READ DENSITY LAB COMPLETE GPS 3 SUMMARY CLASSWORK COMPLETE GPS 3 MEASURING STATIONS LABS, DENSITY STATION LAB, MATTER STATION LAB, LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MASS, LABORATORY TECHNIQUES LAB STATIONS AND CHROMATOGRAPHY. 14 STATIONS IN ALL! COMPLETE GPS 3 SUMMARY

What phase is present at B? What take place if a substance changes from B to A? What take place if a substance changes from C to A? Turn in GPS 3 Measuring Stations Labs GOT

What phase or phases are present from B to C? What phase or phases are present at C to D? Does the phase at E to F or A to B have more kinetic energy?

HOMEWORK STUDY FOR GPS 3 ASSESSMENT.

EXTRA PRACTICE

What is the boiling point of this substance?

What is the freezing point of this substance? How many minutes does it take for the substance to begin to freeze?

What phase or phases are present at F? What phase change takes place from A to G? Will energy be gained or released?

LABEL THE PHASE CHANGES TAKING PLACE.