The Cold War Lets watch an actual 1950’s movie shown in schools across the country.

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Presentation transcript:

The Cold War Lets watch an actual 1950’s movie shown in schools across the country.

BUT WERE AFRAID TO ASK!

 Truman Doctrine: to aid free peoples who are resisting attempted takeovers by armed minorities or by outside pressure.  Marshall Plan: European nations would get American aid to rebuild their economies.  “West Germany” becomes its own nation in 1948 as the U.S., Great Britain, & France merge their “zones” for the newly formed government. The Russian’s are not happy…

As you take notes from the following PP make sure you get the definitions of the following key words: 1. Cold War 2. Truman Doctrine 3. Klaus Fuchs 4. NATO 5. Domino Theory 6. PEO Arms Race 8. Berlin Blockade th parallel 10. Korean War 11.Armistice 12.Warsaw Pact 13. M.A.D. 14.Duck n Cover 15. Bay of Pigs 16. Cuban Missile Crisis

COLD WAR DEFINED: For more than 40 years (1949 to 1989) two superpowers, the United States & the Soviet Union threatened each other with a nuclear weapons arms race. This period of time is referred to as The Cold War.

The Cold War As the world began recovering from World War II, the first General Assembly of the United Nations met in London in January 1946, and created the United Nations Atomic Energy Commission. (UNAEC) United Nations Flag Part of their charge was to create a Plan to eliminate all weapons of mass destruction, including the atomic bomb.

The Cold War The Soviets rejected the Plan, For 2 reasons: 1) It would have left the United States with a decisive nuclear superiority until the details of the Plan could be worked out and 2) It would have stopped the Soviet nuclear program.

The Soviet Nuclear efforts were led by a spy inside the Manhattan Project, Klaus Fuchs Klaus Fuchs. (pronounced fyooks) On August 29, 1949 The Soviet Union tested it’s first Nuclear weapon.

The Cold War The scientific community protested the increased expansion of nuclear weapons study. "Since no limit exists to the destructiveness of this weapon, its existence and knowledge of its construction is a danger to humanity as a whole.“ Unfortunately bigger & better bombs began to multiply on both sides.

The MAIN reason for the arms race between the U.S. and the Soviet Union was the fear of one country dominating the other. After the Potsdam Conference (pg657) the Truman Doctrine was passed by Congress along with the Marshall Plan. (pg661). The Berlin Blockade of 1948 was a Russian response to the U.S. & British attempts to strengthen East Germany. In response to the blockade, President Truman believed a military encounter could result in a war with the Soviets but he sent planes into Berlin anyway until Stalin ended the blockade. This was the first real test of the cold war.

 Presidential Executive Order 9981 (July of 1948) demanded racial equality and opportunity for all persons in the armed services.  The factor that influence President Truman to sign the order was because of the continued discrimination at home after the fighting by minorities in WWII.

The Cold War NATO is an organization of countries that agreed to mutual defense in response to an attack by any external party. It was created in April of and stands for the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. NATO countries included the U.S., Canada, Great Britain, France, Greece and Turkey.

The Cold War Before these weapons were developed and soon after the Japanese surrender on August 15, 1945, Soviet military forces swept through Manchuria and North Korea taking over Japanese control over these provinces. The United States reacted in alarm when she realized the potential danger of having the strategic Korean peninsula controlled by Communist forces.

The Cold War What does the following video have to do with the Cold War?  h?v=3jMBNesc-8k h?v=3jMBNesc-8k

 The United States and NATO’s foreign policy is based on the “Domino Theory”.  The theory states that if one nation comes under Communist control, then neighboring nations will also fall under Communist rule.

The Cold War President Truman proposed a joint occupation of Korea by the two “superpowers” where the Soviets would occupy the territory north of the 38 parallel, while the U.S. would control the area south of the line. These battle lines are still hotly contested today between North and South Korea. 38 parallel

The Cold War The Korean War refers to a period of military conflict between North Korea and South Korean armies. It lasted from June 25, 1950 until an armistice was signed on July 27, Armistice is a situation in a war where the warring parties agree to stop fighting (it is not a peace treaty!) Fighting in Korean streets in 1950

/world/asia/north-korea-armistice  On March 11 th, 2013 North Korea declares the armistice called off.

Q: What does a container do? The policy of the United States and NATO was to CONTAIN (or containment) communism from spreading because of their belief in the Domino Theory.

54.What was the Cold War?  A nearly 45-year period of confrontation and competition between the United States and the Soviet Union. 55.What was the policy of the United States regarding communism during the decades immediately following World War II (the presidencies of Truman, Eisenhower, Kennedy, and Johnson)?  Containment

56. What were a cause of the New Red Scare?  The revelation of several communist spies active in the United States. 57. What was an effect of the New Red Scare?  Increased fear of and preparation for nuclear war.

The Cold War The Warsaw Pact was an organization of Communist states in Central and Eastern Europe.ommunist states CentralEastern Europe The treaty was signed in Warsaw, Poland on May 14, The treaty was in direct response to West Germany joining the North Atlantic Treaty Organization also in 1955.West GermanyNorth Atlantic Treaty Organization Member states: Soviet Union, Poland,Soviet UnionPoland East GermanyEast Germany, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Romania, & Bulgaria.CzechoslovakiaHungaryRomaniaBulgaria

The Cold War With NATO on one side and the Warsaw Pact on the other-both superpowers continued a mass build-up of nuclear weapons never before seen on the planet. This turned into an Arms Race where both sides multiplied their deadly arsenal.

The Cold War Can you read this graph? 1) What years did both countries have the same number of missiles? 2) How many missiles did the Soviets have in 1989? The U.S.? 3) When did the U.S. have the most missiles? How many did we have?

The Cold War Mutually Assured Destruction (M.A.D.) is a doctrine of military strategy in which a full-scale use of nuclear weapons by two opposing sides would effectively result in the destruction of both the attacker and the defender.

The Cold War This was not a game. By the end of the 1950’s bomb shelter plans were the most sold item at your local hardware store. The “Doomsday Clock” was created by the Atomic Energy Commission (the same group that tried to stop the spread of WMD’s) The Clock was symbolic of how close the world was getting to a nuclear war.

What was the one reason that the U.S. became involved in the Korean War? They did not want Korea to become a communist state. Which domestic issue challenged the U.S. following the end of WWII? Integrating (or mixing) returning servicemen into the economy.