Date: 12/12/12 Activity: Korean War Warm Up: Explain the overall conflict in Korea in the 1950s and how it related to the Cold War. -Homework: -Vocabulary due Friday PgAssignmentDate s Power Point Notes12/3 61Red Scare12/5 62Study Guide12/6 62 A Study Guide12/6 63Korea Notes12/11 64Korea ppt Notes12/11 65Unit 4 Vocab12/12 Welcome to Contemporary U.S. and World History

THE KOREAN WAR

AFTER WWII: –KOREA IS SPLIT ALONG THE 38 TH PARALLEL –NORTH = COMMUNIST & USSR CONTROLLED –SOUTH = CAPITALIST & U.S. CONTROLLED –NORTH MILITARIZES, SOUTH DOES NOT –SOVIETS ASSUME THE U.S. WON’T DEFEND SOUTH KOREA JUNE 25, 1950 NORTH KOREA CROSSES THE 38 TH PARALLEL INTO SOUTH KOREA

SOUTH KOREA TURNS TO THE UNITED NATIONS FIRST TEST FOR THE UN AS A PEACEKEEPING ORGANIZATION SOVIETS PROTEST THE UN VOTE BECAUSE OF TAIWAN’S SEAT ON THE SECURITY COUNCIL UN VOTES TO RESTORE THE BORDER AT THE 38 TH PARALLEL: –PRESIDENT TRUMAN ORDERS AMERICAN TROOPS TO SUPPORT SOUTH KOREA –GEN. DOUGLAS MacARTHUR IS NAMED COMMANDER OF UN FORCES IN KOREA

NORTH KOREAN FORCES ADVANCE TO PUSAN: –SOUTH KOREAN CAPITAL OF SEOUL IS CAPTURED –U.S. (UN) FORCES UNDER MACARTHUR HOLD THE PUSAN PERIMETER

AFTER HOLDING THE PUSAN PERIMETER, MacARTHUR LAUNCHES A DARING AMPHIBIOUS ASSAULT AT INCHON, FORCING NORTH KOREAN FORCES TO RETREAT.

AFTER INCHON, TRUMAN ORDERED MACARTHUR TO DRIVE THE COMMUNISTS NORTH THE UN MANDATE ONLY CALLED FOR A REESTABLISHMENT OF THE BORDER AT THE 38 TH PARALLEL HOWEVER, TRUMAN SAW AN OPPORTUNITY TO: –DEFEAT COMMUNISM IN KOREA COMPLETELY –SECURE HIS REELECTION IN 1952 THUS, UN FORCES PUSH INTO NORTH KOREA

ENTER THE CHINESE COMMUNIST CHINA FELT THREATENED BY U.S. TROOPS WANTED A BUFFER- ZONE BETWEEN THEM AND SOUTH KOREA SENT 300,000 TROOPS ACROSS THE YALU RIVER TO PUSH MacARTHUR AND THE UN FORCES BACK STALEMATE SOUTH OF THE 38 TH PARALLEL

WHO IS THIS KOREAN WAR MARINE PILOT? HINT: A BASEBALL LEGEND TED WILLIAMS

Mac BELIEVED THE ONLY WAY TO DEFEAT NORTH KOREA WOULD BE TO ATTACK CHINA TRUMAN DISAGREED, NOT WANTING TO PROVOKE THE RUSSIANS (WHO NOW HAD ATOMIC BOMBS) Mac WENT TO CONGRESS AND MET WITH REPUBLICAN LEADERS BEHIND TRUMAN’S BACK IF YOU WERE TRUMAN, WHAT WOULD YOU DO?

MacARTHUR WAS A WW II HERO AND MEDAL OF HONOR RECIPIENT & WAS VERY POPULAR WITH THE AMERICAN PUBLIC

NONETHELESS... TRUMAN FIRED MacARTHUR FOR INSUBORDINATION

MacARTHUR’S RETIREMENT SPEECH BEFORE CONGRESS

I AM CLOSING MY 52 YEARS OF MILITARY SERVICE. WHEN I JOINED THE ARMY, EVEN BEFORE THE TURN OF THE CENTURY, IT WAS THE FULLFILLMENT OF ALL OF MY BOYISH HOPES AND DREAMS. THE WORLD HAS TURNED OVER MANY TIMES SINCE I TOOK THE OATH AT WEST POINT, AND THE HOPES AND DREAMS HAVE ALL SINCE VANISHED, BUT I STILL REMEMBER THE REFRAIN OF ONE OF THE MOST POPULAR BARRACKS BALLADS OF THAT DAY WHICH PROCLAIMED MOST PROUDLY THAT OLD SOLDIERS NEVER DIE; THEY JUST FADE AWAY. AND LIKE THE OLD SOLDIER OF THAT BALLAD, I NOW CLOSE MY MILITARY CAREER AND JUST FADE AWAY, AN OLD SOLDIER WHO TRIED TO DO HIS DUTY AS GOD GAVE HIM THE LIGHT TO SEE THAT DUTY. GOOD BYE.

STALEMATE FROM AT THE 38 TH PARALLEL EISENHOWER BECOMES PRESIDENT IN 1953 ARMISTICE IN JULY OF 1953 ~ NO PEACE TREATY EVER SIGNED! BOTH NATIONS SET UP TROOPS ALONG THE 38 TH PARALLEL, NOW CALLED THE DEMILITARIZED ZONE (DMZ)

TECHNICALLY, NORTH AND SOUTH KOREA ARE STILL AT WAR! THE DMZ IS THE WORLD’S MOST SECURE BORDER, AND SINCE 1953 THE TWO KOREAS HAVE DEVELOPED INTO TWO VERY DIFFERENT NATIONS…

WHAT DOES THIS NIGHT SATELITE PHOTO TELL YOU ABOUT THE TWO KOREAS?

SO IN SUMMARY…

THE “FORGOTTEN WAR” KOREA WAS A LIMITED WAR: –CONTAIN COMMUNISTS –PUSH NORTH KOREANS OUT OF SOUTH KOREA REFERRED TO BY U.S. GOV’T AS A “POLICE ACTION” OFTEN CALLED THE “FORGOTTEN WAR”

PERHAPS BEST REMEMBERED BY MOST AMERICANS AS THE BACKDROP TO A POPULAR TV SERIES...