BLOQUE VI. NOMECLATURA QUÍMICA QUÍMICA I ING. JOEL DOMINGO MEJÍA GUZMÁN.

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Presentation transcript:

BLOQUE VI. NOMECLATURA QUÍMICA QUÍMICA I ING. JOEL DOMINGO MEJÍA GUZMÁN

Grupo funcional Serie homóloga FórmulaEstructuraPrefijoSufijoEjemplo Grupo hidroxilo AlcoholR-OHhidroxi--olEtanol Grupo alcoxiGrupo alcoxi (o ariloxi) ÉterR-O-R'-oxi-R-il R'-il éterÉter etílico Grupo carbonilo AldehídoR-C(=O)Hformil- -al - carbaldehíd o 2 2 Etanal CetonaR-C(=O)-R'oxo--onaPropanona Grupo carboxilo Ácido carboxílico R-COOHcarboxi-Ácido -ico Ácido acético Grupo aciloÉsterR-COO-R' - iloxicarbonil - R-ato de R'- ilo Acetato de etilo

Grupo funcionalTipo de compuestoFórmulaEstructuraPrefijoSufijoEjemplo Grupo amino AminaR-NH 2 amino--amino Isobutilamina IminaR-NCH 2 __ Grupos amino y carboniloaminocarbonilo AmidaR-CO-NR 2 __Acetamida ImidaR-C(=O)N(-R')-R"__ Tetrametiletildiimida Grupo nitroNitrocompuestoR-NO 2 nitro-_Nitropropano Grupo nitrilo NitriloNitrilo o cianuroR-CNciano--nitrilo IsocianuroR-NCalquil isocianuro_ Tert-butil isocianuro IsocianatoR-NCOalquil isocianato_ IsotiocianatoR-NCSalquil isotiocianato Grupo azo AzoderivadoR-N=N-R'azo--diazeno DiazoderivadoR=N=Ndiazo-_Diazometano AzidaR-N 3 azido--azida Sal de diazonioX - R-N + ≡N_...uro de...-diazonio _HidrazinaR 1 R 2 N-NR 3 R 4 _-hidrazina _Hidroxilamina-NOH_-hidroxilamina

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