Report from NASA 17th GSICS Executive Panel, Biot, 2-3 June 2016 James J. Butler NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Code 618 Biospheric Sciences Laboratory Greenbelt, MD USA GSICS-EP-17, Biot, 2-3 June 20161

NASA update 2 NASA’s Current Earth Observing Fleet Includes 20 Missions Note: 2 missions are on ISS and 18 are free-flying missions TCTE is a separate payload on the USAF’s Space Test Program Satellite (STPSat-3)

NASA update 3 Since the last GSICS-EP meeting in Boulder, CO… The Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) ended data collection on April 8, 2015 and re-entered Earth’s atmosphere on June 15, Plans to reprocess 17+ years of radiometer, radar, and vis/nir instrument data and archive as part of the GPM mission dataset by 2018 The Deep Space Climate Observatory (DSCOVR), launched by the USAF on February 11, 2015, reached L1 on June 7, Operations transitioned from NASA to NOAA in October 2015 becoming the first US operational deep space satellite -Primary US warning system for solar magnetic storms and winds -EPIC and NISTAR instruments view the full sunlit side of the Earth The Aquarius ocean salinity mission ended data collection on June 8, 2015 The Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) radar halted transmissions on July 7, The radiometer instrument continues to collect science data The Jason-3 satellite successfully launched on January 17, 2016 onboard a Space-X Falcon 9 rocket -Extends the multidecadal time series of sea surface height measurements from TOPEX/Poseidon Jason-1 OSTM/Jason-2 NASA’s 2015 Earth Science Senior Review decided that the Earth Observing-1 (EO-1) mission will end in October 2016 after 16 years of operation

NASA update 4 Addenda: OCO-3 is currently scheduled for a 2018 launch to ISS CY 2016 launches: LIS, CYGNSS, SAGE III CLARREO Pathfinder is currently scheduled for a 2020 launch to ISS TSIS-1 and -2 are currently scheduled for 2017 and 2018/2020 launches to ISS, respectively Future Scheduled NASA Research & Development Satellite Launches

Participation in EP, GDWG, GRWG GSICS-EP-17, Biot, 2-3 June Points of contact/meeting participants: EP: James J. Butler (NASA GSFC)/Jack Xiong (NASA GSFC) GRWG: Jack Xiong (NASA GSFC), Dave Doelling (NASA/GSFC) or Pat Minnis (NASA LaRC), Tom Pagano (NASA JPL), Aisheng Wu (SSAI) Main contribution to GRWG actions: POC for MODIS Terra and Aqua and their use as GSICS references in the reflected solar wavelength region (Jack Xiong) POC for AIRS Aqua and its use as a GSICS reference in the thermal infrared wavelength region (Tom Pagano) GSICS DCC Chair and Visible/Near InfraRed (VIS/NIR) Sub-group Chair (Dave Doelling) Attendees and participants in 2016 Annual GSICS Joint Working Groups Meeting in Tsukuba, Japan, 2/29/2016 to 3/4/2016 -Jack Xiong -Dave Doelling -Aisheng Wu supported multiple meeting agenda items as presenters, discussion leaders, and minute takers Note: EP & GRWG members are in blue

Highlights of NASA calibration activities of interest to the EP GSICS-EP-17, Biot, 2-3 June MODIS Terra and Aqua Instruments - Both instruments continue to operate nominally (Terra: 16+ yrs; Aqua: 14+ yrs) -Changes in radiometric, spatial, and spectral response continue to be monitored and corrected using on-board calibrators and the Moon -MODIS Terra safe hold event occurred 2/18/16 with nominal operation restored -MODIS Collection 6 Level 1B Data released to the public in July 2012 for Aqua and November MODIS C6 L1B data can be downloaded from - Since the C6 L1B release, corrections and improvements have been implemented and submitted for review by MODIS science team members AIRS Aqua Instrument -AIRS is in excellent health with all available engineering parameters either flat or changing extremely slowly over time -Recent AIRS/CrIS and AIRS/IASI comparison papers and presentations include: Denis Elliott and H. H. Aumann, “Simultaneous Observations of AIRS/CrIS and AIRS/IASI at Dome C,” AGU, San Francisco, CA (2015) H. H. Aumann and Evan Manning, "Principle Component Analysis of AIRS and CrIS Data,” Proceedings of SPIE, 9607, J-1-8, (2015) Evan Manning and H. H. Aumann, "Tropical Simultaneous Nadir Observations for IR Sounder Evaluation and Comparison" Proceedings of SPIE, 9607, L-1-8, (2015) MODIS AIRS

7 Status of NASA’s CLARREO Pathfinder (PF) Mission Demonstrate CLARREO calibration accuracy for the reflected solar spectrometer on International Space Station (ISS) Nominal launch is in 2020, nominal operations 1 year to start but will request extension when successfully pass critical design review Infrared spectrometer did not fit within the current budget: pursuing other options to add an infrared PF. Class D low cost mission: instrument design life 1 year at 85% probability, ~ 50% of achieving 4 years Demonstrate CLARREO PF level SI traceability in orbit & reference intercalibration for VIIRS and CERES instruments Acquire intercalibration observations for additional sensors (LEO, GEO) but PF budget only covers L0 processing for these orbit crossings If CLARREO PF successful, then request funding to process full data stream and additional instrument intercalibration events, as well as nadir spectral benchmarking observations. CLARREO Pathfinder Begins in 2016!

8 CLARREO PF radiance/reflectance and intercalibration observations will be publicly available CLARREO PF will demonstrate highest accuracy reflectance measurements from orbit -First on-orbit SI-traceable reflectance with uncertainty <0.5% (k=2) Lessons learned from CLARREO PF will benefit a future CLARREO mission -Reduced risk -Demonstration of higher accuracy calibration approaches -Prove that high accuracy SI-traceability can be transferred to orbit -Show that high accuracy intercalibration is achievable Lessons learned from CLARREO PF will produce benefits across many NASA Earth Science Missions and International Missions -Improved laboratory calibration approaches -Development and testing of innovative on-orbit SI-traceable methods -Transfer calibration to sensors in operation at time of CLARREO PF -Improved lunar irradiance standard NASA’s CLARREO PF on ISS GSICS-EP-17, Biot, 2-3 June 2016

9 LIS (2016) CLARREO PF (2020) CATS (2015-) OCO-3 (2018) GEDI (2018/2020) ECOSTRESS (2018) TSIS-1 (2017) TSIS-2 (2020/2022) Columbus EF RapidSCAT (2014-) SAGE III (2016) NASA’s CLARREO PF on ISS Earth

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