INVENTION CHALLENGE Today’s challenge begins by learning all about the six different simple machines and how we use them everyday!

Make a foldable to record information about the six simple machines. The required information should include an illustration, a definition and examples of how we use each simple machine today. See the example below……..

The 6 Simple Machines All machines are made up of some of the 6 simple machines. – Wheel and axle – Pulley – Lever – Wedge – Screw – Inclined Plane

The Wheel and Axle Two or more wheels are connected by an axle. The wheel turns with or around the axle. This car wheel has a big axle that it rotates around when the car moves.

Why do we need wheels? Wheels help us move heavy objects. They roll easily. Did you know a doorknob is really two wheels connected by an axle? You can’t see the axle because it’s inside the wheels, but it’s there! If there wasn’t an axle, the doorknob wouldn’t turn!

What is a gear? A gear is a wheel with teeth. The teeth fit in between each other and turn. When one gear turns, its teeth push against the teeth of the other gear and they both turn. There are gears on your bike, on a can opener and on an egg beater.

Pulleys Lifting a bucket full of water is a lot of work! A pulley is a wheel with a rope running over it. The wheel has a groove, called a sheave, and it keeps the rope from slipping off the wheel. Remember, since there is a wheel in a pulley there also has to be an axle! These two men are using a pulley to help them lift their heavy bucket.

Levers There are three parts to a lever: –Load –Force –Fulcrum: support or balance

A seesaw is a lever Let’s pretend you are riding a seesaw with your friend. The center support is the fulcrum, which does not move. The load is your friend sitting on one end. You exert the force at the other end trying to lift your friend off the ground. When you push down on your seat, (the force) you can lift your friend (the load) while the fulcrum acts as the pivot point, making the seesaw go up and down. It’s easy to lift your friend this way instead of just picking her or him up by yourself!

Levers-First Class In a first class lever the fulcrum is in the middle and the load and effort is on either side Think of a see-saw

Levers-Second Class In a second class lever the fulcrum is at the end, with the load in the middle Think of a wheelbarrow

Levers-Third Class In a third class lever the fulcrum is again at the end, but the effort is in the middle Think of a pair of tweezers

The Wedge A wedge is used to split, tighten, or secure a hold. A wedge is usually a triangle shape with a sharp point. If you apply force at one end, the wedge will go between something, in this case an ax splits a piece of wood.

Where can we find wedges? Wedges that split: –Your teeth! –Every time you bite into something, you are using a wedge. Wedges that cut: –A saw! –A knife! Wedges that tighten: –A doorstop to keep the door open. Wedges that hold things together: –A nail holds wood to a wall or other wood.

The Screw There are three parts to a screw. The first part is called the head and is the part that you exert a force on. The second part is known as the shaft. It has ridges, called threads that wind around the screw. The space in between the ridges or threads is called the pitch. If it doesn’t have the threads, it is probably just a nail. The last part is the tip. It is the sharp portion of the screw that allows it to get through material.

How to use a screw: Fasten two things together When you turn it, the threads cut a groove in the material, making a hole. The groove holds the screw tightly in place. To remove the screw you turn it the opposite way, you can’t just pull it out.

The Inclined Plane It is a slanted surface or ramp. It makes moving objects easier. Roads are also inclined planes. Instead of going straight up, roads go up at small angles, like the picture.

The 6 Simple Machines LeverPulley Wheel and Axle Wedge Screw Inclined Plane

So What is a Compound Machine? A compound machine consists of two or more simple machines operating together, as a wheelbarrow consisting of a lever, axle, and wheel. Learn more about simple AND compound machines…….. ndex.shtml ndex.shtml

Now that you know all about machines…… Design and sketch a compound machine for Home Depot. The sketch will be carefully drawn and labeled. A manager from Home Depot will be reviewing your sketches and giving you feedback on your ideas. You and your group will present your invention to the class and give a brief description of it. So let’s get started!

It’s time to create! Assign the following roles to members of your group… Role #1 – Illustrator – This group member will be responsible for doing the drawing of the invention. Role #2 – Writer – This group member will be responsible for writing a brief description of the invention. Role #3 – Editor – This group member will be responsible for labeling the simple machines on the design drawing AND will check to make sure that the group is using the correct simple machines.

Invention Time Now it is time to think of an invention. The idea must be something that makes a person’s life easier in some way. The invention can be a bit silly, but it should make sense. Remember, it MUST include at least 2 simple machines. Look at the next slide for an example. Get a piece of white drawing paper. The ILLUSTRATOR should do a detailed sketch of the invention. The editor and writer should help the illustrator and make sure that the design is exactly how they want it to look.

The Writer’s Turn.. Next, the WRITER should record a brief description of the compound machine. The description should include the following: –The name of your invention – come up with something creative! –The names of the simple machines used – remember at least 2! –How the invention makes life easier in some way –Be sure that your paragraph is spelled correctly and has proper punctuation and capitalization

The Bed Making Miracle! If you hate making your bed in the morning then you should buy this machine. The machine is sold at Home Depot. It has 2 pulleys on both sides of the bed. It also has a wheel and axle on the bed. The pulley ropes are attached to the top of the bedspread. When you get up you turn the wheel and axle and the pulley ropes pull the bedspread up and then the bed is made. Your life will be so much easier because now you don’t have to make your own bed anymore. It is fun and your mom won’t yell at you ever again to make your bed!

and now for the Editor.. Next, the EDITOR should label the simple machines directly on the design drawing. Also, the EDITOR should double check that the correct simple machines are being used by referring back to the Simple Machines Foldable that was completed at the beginning of the activity.

It’s time to Present Your Idea! Finally, you and your group should prepare a short presentation for the class. Please follow these guidelines when creating your presentation: –The presentation should be about five minutes long. –All group members must speak during the presentation, so be sure to break up your ideas into 3 parts. –You should explain your drawing in detail and describe how it can make life easier.

Finally………… It’s time for feedback. You and your group are going to Mrs. Joshu the manager of Home Depot, and tell her about your invention. Mrs. Joshu’s address is Attach the description of the compound machine that your WRITER created into an . Also, include your design drawing as another attachment in the . Be sure to check back within the next day or two to see what Mrs. Joshu thought of your design. Good luck!

How will I be graded?? You will be graded based on the completion of your foldable, your invention design drawing, your description of your project, the accuracy of your invention, and your presentation. The final slide shows a copy of the rubric for this activity.

Invention Challenge Rubric Foldable The foldable is completely filled out. The definitions are all correct and there are good examples of how we use the simple machine today. The foldable is completely filled out. At least 5 out of the 6 definitions are correct and at least 5 out of the 6 examples are correct. The foldable is completely filled out. At least 4 out of the 6 definitions are correct and at least 4 out of the 6 examples are correct. The foldable is completely filled out. More than 2 of the definitions are incorrect and more than 2 of the examples are incorrect. The foldable is not completely filled out and some of the boxes were left blank. The definitions are not correct and the examples of how we use the simple machines are not correct. Design Drawing The drawing is detailed and easy to understand. The drawing is done neatly. The drawing is detailed, but somewhat difficult to understand. The drawing is somewhat messy The drawing does not have a lot of detail and is somewhat messy. The drawing is does not have any details and is difficult to understand because of messiness. The drawing is not completed. Brief Description The paragraph is well written, spelled accurately, has good capitalization and punctuation, and includes the following: *The name of your invention *The names of at least 2 of the simple machines used *A description of how the invention makes life easier in some way The paragraph is somewhat well written. There are only a few spelling mistakes. There are a few capitalization and punctuation mistakes. The paragraph includes the following: *The name of your invention *The names of at least 2 of the simple machines used *A description of how the invention makes life easier in some way The paragraph is not well written. Some of the words are misspelled and there are mistakes with the capitalization and punctuation. The paragraph includes 2 of the following: *The name of your invention *The names of at least 2 of the simple machines used *A description of how the invention makes life easier in some way The paragraph is not well written. There are many words misspelled and there are many mistakes with capitalization and punctuation. The paragraph includes only one of the following: *The name of your invention *The names of at least 2 of the simple machines used *A description of how the invention makes life easier in some way The paragraph is not well written and does not contain any of the requirements. Accuracy of Invention The design is labeled and includes at least 2 simple machines that are being used in the correct way. The design is labeled and includes at least one simple machine that is being used in the correct way. The design is not labeled, but the 2 simple machines are being used in the correct way. The design is not labeled and only one simple machine is being used in the correct way. The design is not labeled and the simple machines are not being used in the correct way. Presentation The group members spoke loudly and described their invention extremely well. The group members spoke loudly and described their invention with some accuracy. The group members spoke somewhat loudly, but has some difficulty describing their invention. The group members did not speak loudly and had a difficult time describing their invention. The group members did not speak loudly and could not describe their invention.