Li, Ting Texas A&M University DePoy, Darren Texas A&M University Burke, David SLAC Kessler, Richard University of Chicago Marshall, Jennifer Texas A&M University Wise, Jason Texas A&M University Rheault, J-P Texas A&M University Boada, Steven Texas A&M University Carona, Don Texas A&M University Apr 16, 2011 Calibration & Standardization of Large Surveys & Missions in Astronomy & Astrophysics FermiLab, April 2012
WHY we are building aTmCam? -- Motivation HOW we are going to build it? -- Method WHAT we have done so far? -- Results we will we do next? -- Future Calibration & Standardization of Large Surveys & Missions in Astronomy & Astrophysics FermiLab, April 2012
Instrument Earth’s Atmosphere Calibration & Standardization of Large Surveys & Missions in Astronomy & Astrophysics FermiLab, April 2012
Model the atmospheric transmission spectrum by libRadTran with different amount of precipitable water Hansen & Caimanque, 1975 (PASP) Calibration & Standardization of Large Surveys & Missions in Astronomy & Astrophysics FermiLab, April 2012
Atmospheric Transmission is time, airmass and location dependent. Calibration stars have the different spectra as the program objects, e.g. SNs, Galaxies, etc. Calibration & Standardization of Large Surveys & Missions in Astronomy & Astrophysics FermiLab, April 2012
Kessler DES docdb 5723
Kessler DES docdb 5723
WHY? Atmospheric transmission spectrum in real-time Reach a sub-1% precision photometry How? What? Calibration & Standardization of Large Surveys & Missions in Astronomy & Astrophysics FermiLab, April 2012
Data Reduction for Spectroscopy = - - Instrument Sensitivity Atmospheric Transmission Raw data Spectrum Obtained from observing standard stars Calibration & Standardization of Large Surveys & Missions in Astronomy & Astrophysics FermiLab, April 2012
Data Reduction for Spectroscopy = - - Observing standard stars = - - Instrument Sensitivity Atmospheric Transmission Raw data Spectrum Instrument Sensitivity Atmospheric Transmission Raw dataSpectrum Obtained from observing standard stars Obtained from Instrument Calibration System Calibration & Standardization of Large Surveys & Missions in Astronomy & Astrophysics FermiLab, April 2012
WHY? Atmospheric transmission spectrum in real-time Reach a sub-1% precision photometry How? Measure the standard star with a Calibrated Spectrograph? What? Calibration & Standardization of Large Surveys & Missions in Astronomy & Astrophysics FermiLab, April 2012
WHY? Atmospheric transmission spectrum in real-time Reach a sub-1% precision photometry How? Χ Measure the standard star with a Calibrated Spectrograph? Photometry is always easier than spectroscopy! What? Calibration & Standardization of Large Surveys & Missions in Astronomy & Astrophysics FermiLab, April 2012
Molecular/Rayleigh scattering Aerosol scattering Molecular absorption Cloud Calibration & Standardization of Large Surveys & Missions in Astronomy & Astrophysics FermiLab, April 2012
Molecular/Rayleigh scattering Pressure Aerosol scattering Molecular absorption Cloud Calibration & Standardization of Large Surveys & Missions in Astronomy & Astrophysics FermiLab, April 2012
Molecular/Rayleigh scattering Aerosol scattering Aerosol optical depth Molecular absorption Cloud Calibration & Standardization of Large Surveys & Missions in Astronomy & Astrophysics FermiLab, April 2012
Molecular/Rayleigh scattering Aerosol scattering Molecular absorption Oxygen Cloud Calibration & Standardization of Large Surveys & Missions in Astronomy & Astrophysics FermiLab, April 2012
Molecular/Rayleigh scattering Aerosol scattering Molecular absorption Oxygen Ozone Cloud Calibration & Standardization of Large Surveys & Missions in Astronomy & Astrophysics FermiLab, April 2012
Molecular/Rayleigh scattering Aerosol scattering Molecular absorption Oxygen Ozone Water Cloud Calibration & Standardization of Large Surveys & Missions in Astronomy & Astrophysics FermiLab, April 2012
pressureozonewater aerosol Calibration & Standardization of Large Surveys & Missions in Astronomy & Astrophysics FermiLab, April 2012
Ratios from the simulation by libRadTran
WHY? Atmospheric transmission spectrum in real-time Reach a sub-1% precision photometry How? Measure the standard star with a Calibrated Spectrograph Multi Narrowband Imager Get the best fit model in the database Robotic, automatic multi-imaging system aTmCam What? Calibration & Standardization of Large Surveys & Missions in Astronomy & Astrophysics FermiLab, April 2012
WHY? Atmospheric transmission spectrum in real-time Reach a sub-1% precision photometry How? Measure the standard star with a Calibrated Multi Narrowband Imager Get the best fit model in the database Robotic, automatic multi-imaging system aTmCam What? Can we replace the spectrograph with imager? Calibration & Standardization of Large Surveys & Missions in Astronomy & Astrophysics FermiLab, April 2012
Prototype aTmCam SBIG Camera Calibration & Standardization of Large Surveys & Missions in Astronomy & Astrophysics FermiLab, April 2012 Jaz Spectrograph Wedged Prisms + Narrowband Filters
Observing Vega at Texas A&M Observatory Red: Direct measurement from spectrograph Green: Best fit model picked by the ratios from Narrow-band Imager Calibration & Standardization of Large Surveys & Missions in Astronomy & Astrophysics FermiLab, April 2012
Observing Vega at McDonald Observatory Green: Best fit model picked by the measurements from Spectrograph Black: Best fit model picked by the ratios from Narrow-band Imager Calibration & Standardization of Large Surveys & Missions in Astronomy & Astrophysics FermiLab, April 2012
WHY? Atmospheric transmission spectrum in real-time Reach a sub-1% precision photometry How? Measure the standard star with a Calibrated Multi Narrowband Imager Get the best fit model in the database Robotic, automatic multi-imaging system aTmCam What? We can replace the spectrograph with imager. Calibration & Standardization of Large Surveys & Missions in Astronomy & Astrophysics FermiLab, April 2012
WHY? Atmospheric transmission spectrum in real-time Reach a sub-1% precision photometry How? Measure the standard star with a Calibrated Multi Narrowband Imager Get the best fit model in the database Robotic, automatic multi-imaging system aTmCam What? We can replace the spectrograph with imager. Do we need to measure the atmospheric throughput at each field of the survey? If not, then how close? Calibration & Standardization of Large Surveys & Missions in Astronomy & Astrophysics FermiLab, April 2012
Temporal or angular parameter of the variation Need to be answered in CTIO with REAL aTmCam nights observation at CTIO this fall 3-4 telescopes and cameras Currently working on building a software system on: Target acquisition Simultaneously image taking ISMAIL: Imaging Software for Munnerlyn Astronomical Instrumentation Lab Calibration & Standardization of Large Surveys & Missions in Astronomy & Astrophysics FermiLab, April 2012
Mount Control Panel Calibration & Standardization of Large Surveys & Missions in Astronomy & Astrophysics FermiLab, April 2012
Camera Control Panel Calibration & Standardization of Large Surveys & Missions in Astronomy & Astrophysics FermiLab, April 2012
WHY? Atmospheric transmission spectrum in real-time Reach a sub-1% precision photometry How? Measure the standard star with a Calibrated Multi Narrowband Imager Get the best fit model in the database Robotic, automatic multi-imaging system aTmCam What? We can replace the spectrograph with imager. We will know whether or not we need to measure the atmospheric throughput at each field of the survey. Calibration & Standardization of Large Surveys & Missions in Astronomy & Astrophysics FermiLab, April 2012
WHY? Atmospheric transmission spectrum in real-time Reach a sub-1% precision photometry How? Measure the standard star with a Calibrated Multi Narrowband Imager Get the best fit model in the database Robotic, automatic multi-imaging system aTmCam What? We can replace the spectrograph with imager. We will know whether or not we need to measure the atmospheric throughput at each field of the survey. Calibration & Standardization of Large Surveys & Missions in Astronomy & Astrophysics FermiLab, April 2012