 To be able to give a presentation to a designated audience  To be able to distinguish between what makes a good presentation and what makes a bad one  To be able to explain how to plan, deliver and evaluate a presentation

 Who do you think is a good presenter and why? Who would you say is a bad presenter and why?

 Aims: identify purpose and objectives  Consider audience and environment  Structure your presentation  Prepare your notes and visual aids  Practice the presentation  Deliver the presentation  Evaluate your performance

 Why are you saying it? (The aim)  Who are you saying it to? (The audience)  What are you going to say? (The content)  How are you going to say it? (The structure)

 To inform: To tell or to impart factual knowledge to a group.  To make a proposition: To sell or persuade the audience to support an idea or plan.  To inspire and motivate: To impel. To generate enthusiasm and develop positive attitudes.

 Who are the members of the audience and what do they do?  What is the benefit to the audience of listening to your presentation?  What do they already know about the subject?  What is the relationship between yourself and the audience?  What interests your audience?  How will what you are going to say affect them?

 alienated – if you offend their value system  insulted – if you fail to recognise and acknowledge their existing knowledge and experience  confused – if you assume a level of knowledge or expertise that is not there  bored – if you fail to relate to their needs  patronised – if you use an inappropriate style  frustrated – if they are not given the opportunity to question or contribute

 What technology will you have?  How much space will you have?  Where will the audience be?  Lighting?  Temperature?

 Consider a presentation that you have seen that was very effective. What made it so?  Consider a presentation that you have seen that you thought was unsuccessful. What made it so?

 Tell them what you are going to tell them.  Tell them.  Tell them what you told them.

 Tell them who you are and why you are giving this presentation  Tell them what the presentation is about  Tell them what your objectives are  Tell them what the background to the presentation is  Tell them what is in it for them  Opening attention grabber

 Give details of your topic in a logical, smoothly linking order  Take advantage of the primacy and recency effect  Use anecdotes and real examples to illustrate your points  Tell them how this information applies to them  Back up all the claims that you made at the start

 Summarise your key points  Remind them of: the advantages of your position, solution, options, conclusions  Tell them what you want them to do next  Tell them how to contact you  Closing attention grabber  Invite questions  Try to end on a high. Avoid saying “That’s it!”

 Continuous eye contact or staring  Constantly rubbing an eye, nose or ear  Keep clearing your throat  Clenching your hands or pointing  Crossing your arms or legs  Shuffling your feet and swaying  Smiling or raising your eyebrows in a way that suggests you don’t value your audience’s contribution!

 Stand up straight and face the audience head-on  Hold your head up high, with your chin up  Use your hands to emphasise and reinforce  Vary your gestures  Nod your head and smile to emphasise what you are saying  Make proper eye contact

 Be audible  Use pauses for emphasis, or to regain their attention  Do not mumble or drop your voice at the end of sentences  Vary the speed with which you talk to keep their attention  Alter the volume and tone of your voice for emphasis  Sound enthusiastic  Avoid jargon  Monitor your use of ‘um’, ‘er’ and ‘actually’

 Avoid negative self-talk  Do not run over your allocated time slot  Prepare, practise and bring all you need  Know your audience  Visualise yourself succeeding  Act confident to feel confident  Do not stress “what could have been” or “what should have been”

 P urpose - establish what it is  R esearch your topic  E xperiment with visual aids  P lace – what is it like?  A udience – know who they are  R ehearse your performance  E arly – arrive well in advance

Resources: Murray, R. (2003). How to survive your viva. Maidenhead: Open University Press Stott, R.,Young T., Bryan, C. (Eds.)(2001). Speaking your Mind Harlow: Pearson Education Ltd. Levin, P. & Topping G. (2006). Perfect Presentations! Maidenhead: Open University Press