Chapter 7.1 – 7.3: The American Revolution EQ:What were the strategies of both sides and how did they lead to the outcome of the Revolutionary War?

Q1: The Colonists and War G. Washington becomes commander of Continental Army in 1775 Most colonists didn’t support war Washington’s goal was to survive war (hold out until Britain gets tired of fighting)

Q1: The Colonists and War (continued) Lack of support hurt military organization States sent volunteers with limited terms of service Loyalists often treated with disrespect and violence

Q2: The British and N.Y. NY became area for British war strategy British Goal = Use New York’s harbors to land troops, gain Loyalist support, and cut off colonists supplies

Q3: Battle of Saratoga British general Burgoyne (Burrr – GOIN) becomes trapped by colonists and troops in Saratoga, NY Unable to retreat or march forward, Burgoyne eventually forced to surrender his army at Saratoga to Continental army in 1777 Colonial victory at Saratoga is turning point of the war British General Burgoyne

For your information The “Hero of Saratoga”, Benedict Arnold was one of the colonial armies best leaders and much respected by General Washington. Against the orders of his commanding officer, Arnold led a charge after being removed from the field of battle. Many credited his actions for winning the Battle of Saratoga. He was shot in the leg during the Battle of Saratoga and never fully recovered from the wound. Arnold would later become our nation’s best known traitor when he decides to switch sides and steal plans for the British. General Benedict Arnold

Q4: Results of Saratoga Victory at Saratoga led world to believe colonists could win French joined colonial effort British offer home-rule to colonists (colonies become territory independently governed, but still under England’s ultimate authority), but it’s quickly rejected by colonists

Q5: War After Saratoga True genius of Washington = Was able to keep war going until foreign help arrived Spain and rest of Europe went into armed resistance against England British now fighting war in multiple countries

FYI: Winter at Valley Forge European help came just in time During winter of Washington and men camped at Valley Forge Short on supplies Freezing to death No shoes Disease, sickness, and weakness spread Despite hardships, army showed amazing endurance

FYI: Friends and Foes Native Americans fought on both sides Many southerners were Loyalists, Britain began to move war South to take advantage of Loyalist support – British win Battles of Savannah (1778) and Charles Town (1780) in GA Many slaves joined British side, as Britain had promised them their freedom– however many ended up being sold into slavery in West Indies Women often followed colonists troops to help by nursing the sick, cooking, and doing laundry

Q6: Battle of Yorktown British General Cornwallis, after failures in Virginia, retreated back to Yorktown Washington sends troops to Yorktown by land, knowing Cornwallis is expecting attack by sea Trapped by land (by Colonists) and sea (by French) Cornwallis is forced to surrender his entire army, essentially ending war British General Cornwallis

Surrender at Yorktown

Q7: The War’s End King George III continued to send troops, but England was tired of war Colonists sign 2 nd Treaty of Paris, gaining territory from Atlantic Ocean to Mississippi River in 1783 Americans allow loyalists to live in country without persecution King George III

Reflection! Answer the EQ with details in 5-7 sentences! Remember! The EQ was: What were the strategies of both sides and how did they lead to the outcome of the Revolutionary War?