Dr. Kim Wilson Lab 6: Circulatory System Part 4 (Veins)

Part A: Major Veins of the Human

Major Veins of the Human Body

Major Veins of the Human Lab manual reference – Exercise 32, pg. 476 Fig Veins of the right lower limb.

Major Veins of the Human Body Source:

Veins Tend to branch from the venae cavae Veins draining the head and upper extremeties empty into the superior vena cava Those draining the lower blood empty into the inferior vena cava Formed when venules converge Venules are formed when capillary beds unite Allow fluids and WBCs to pass from the bloodstream to tissues Veins have much lower blood pressure and thinner walls than arteries To return blood to the heart, veins have special adaptations Large-diameter lumens, which offer little resistance to flow Valves (resembling semilunar heart valves), which prevent backflow of blood Venous sinuses – specialized, flattened veins with extremely thin walls (e.g., coronary sinus of the heart and dural sinuses of the brain)

Veins Draining into the Inferior Vena Cava Common iliac veins Drain venous blood from the legs and pelvis Internal iliac vein Drains the pelvis External iliac vein Receives venous blood from lower limb Anterior and posterior tibial veins Serve the calf and foot Dorsalis pedis vein extends from posterior tibial vein Posterior tibial vein is formed by the medial and lateral plantar veins Receives the fibular vein in calf and joins with the anterior tibial vein at knee to make the popliteal vein Becomes the femoral vein

Veins Draining into the Inferior Vena Cava Great saphenous vein Superficial vein Longest vein in the body Begins with small saphenous vein from the dorsal venous arch Extends up the medial side of the leg, knee, and thigh to the femoral vein Veins of the abdomen Lumbar veins Right and left gonadal (ovarian or testicular) veins Renal veins Drain the kidney Right and left suprarenal vein Drains into the superior vena cava Right and left hepatic veins Drain the liver

Veins Draining into the Superior Vena Cava Veins draining into the superior vena cava are named from the superior vena cava distally, BUT remember that the flow of blood is in the opposite direction Veins in the head and neck Right and left brachiocephalic veins Drain the head, neck, and upper extremities Branches include the internal jugular, vertebral, and subclavian veins Jugular veins (internal and external) Drain sinuses of the brain Receive blood from the head and neck via superficial temporal and facial veins Vertebral veins Drain posterior aspect of head including cervical vertebrae and spinal cord Subclavian veins Receives venous blood from upper extremity

Veins Draining into the Superior Vena Cava Veins of the Upper Limb and Thorax Subclavian vein → axillary vein → brachial vein Brachial vein Formed from union of radial and ulnar veins of forearm Cephalic vein Drains the arm Basilic vein Located in medial aspect of arm and entering brachial vein and median cubital vein Median antebrachial vein Between radial and ulnar veins Azygos vein Drains right side of thorax Entire system drains intercoastal muscles of thorax and provides another means to drain abdominal wall Left ascending lumbar vein Accessory hemiazygos vein

Heart (Anterior View) Copyright ©2008 Pearson Education: Image reproduced with permission.

Heart (Anterosuperior View) Copyright ©2008 Pearson Education: Image reproduced with permission.

Blood Vessels of the Abdomen and Pelvis Copyright ©2008 Pearson Education: Image reproduced with permission.

Blood Vessels of the Thorax Copyright ©2008 Pearson Education: Image reproduced with permission.

Blood Vessels of the Pelvis Copyright ©2008 Pearson Education: Image reproduced with permission.

Vessels of the Lower Body Copyright ©2008 Pearson Education: Image reproduced with permission.

Thorax Copyright ©2008 Pearson Education: Image reproduced with permission.

Part B: Major Veins of the Cat

Major Veins of the Cat

Veins of the Thorax Copyright ©2008 Pearson Education: Image reproduced with permission.

Hepatic Portal System Copyright ©2008 Pearson Education: Image reproduced with permission.

Veins of the Pelvis and Legs Copyright ©2008 Pearson Education: Image reproduced with permission.

Major Blood Vessels of the Lower Abdomen Copyright ©2008 Pearson Education: Image reproduced with permission.