A Mini project on “DRIVERLESS TRAIN ENGINE USING 8051 MICROCONTROLLER” GUIDED BY K.RAMBABU

CONTENTS Abstract Embedded system 8051 Micro controller Block diagram Conclusion

Abstract We know that the railway network of India is the biggest in south Asia and perhaps the most complicated in all over the world. Although the time table is perfect it is not at all possible to maintain it. And that’s why the train accidents are becoming more and more usual The idea is whenever any engine observes a red signal on its track it will start decreasing its speed gradually and stops automatically.

Embedded system An embedded system is a special-purpose computer system designed to perform one or a few dedicated functions. Since the embedded system is dedicated to specific tasks, design engineers can optimize it, reducing the size and cost of the product, or increasing the reliability and performance.

Applications Of Embedded System We are living in the Embedded World. You are surrounded with many embedded products and your daily life largely depends on the proper functioning of these gadgets. Military and aerospace software applications Communications applications Electronics applications and consumer devices Industrial automation and process control software

Microcontroller For Embedded System Microcontrollers are widely used in embedded system products. An embedded system product uses a microprocessor (or Microcontroller) to do one task only. In an Embedded system, there is only one application software that is typically burned into ROM.

8051 Architecture The generic 8051 architecture supports a Harvard architecture, which contains two separate buses for both program and data. it has two distinctive memory spaces of 64K X 8 size for both programmed and data. Each 8051 device has some amount of data RAM built in the device for internal processing. This bus architecture is supported with on-chip peripheral functions like I/O ports, timers/counters, versatile serial communication port.

Block Diagram Of 8051

BLOCK DIAGRAM Tx Section: SWITCH RF ENCODER RF TX

MICRO CONTROLLER 8051 POWER SUPPLY RF DECODER RF RX Rx Section : DRIVING UNIT MOTOR

DESCRIPTION we use a LM7805 voltage regulator IC (Integrated Circuit). The IC is shown below.

Stepper motor A stepper motor is a brushless, electric motor that can divide a full rotation into a large number of steps

Drive unit Nowadays, electric drive systems using electric servo-motors can be controlled in an excellent way and can easily compete with rotating drive systems.

CIRCUIT FEATURES Brief description of operation: Gives out well regulated +5V output, Circuit protection: Built-in overheating protection shuts down output when regulator IC gets too hot Circuit complexity: Very simple and easy to build Circuit performance: Very stable +5V output voltage, reliable operation Availability of components : Easy to get, uses only very common basic components

Contd………………. Applications: Part of electronics devices, small laboratory power supply Power supply voltage: Unregulated DC 8-18V power supply Power supply current: Needed output current + 5 mA Component costs : Few dollars for the electronics components + the input transformer cost

CONCLUSION The driver can feel relax in driving because he doesn’t have to take care about red signal. Even if he forgets to take any action on red signal then also we can avoid accidents by the implementation of this idea. We are happy to say that recently Dubai Metro Trains has been entered in to gunnies book of world records………………………..

Bunch of thanks………. BY: P. Sai lavanya