AOS3: Popular Music in Context
To learn about how jazz styles developed To know the 12-bar blues sequence To learn some specific jazz vocabulary
African slave songs – from late 18 th century Negro spirituals – 1850s Call and response Blues – late 19 th century Slow and melancholy 12 bar blues Blue notes Syncopation Ragtime – 1890s Piano Scott Joplin IIII IV II V II
New Orleans Style / Dixieland – 1910s Cornet, clarinet, trombone popular Collective improvisation 12 bar blues sequence still common Louis Armstrong Big Band – 1920s Swing Jazz – 1930s Music for dancing Glenn Miller 32 bar changes become more common
Bebop – 1940s Fast and very complicated, lots of improvisation Heavy use of extended chords Smaller groups; for listening not dancing Charlie Parker and Dizzy Gillespie Cool Jazz – late 1940s More understated and laid-back Miles Davis! Modal Jazz – 1950s Uses modes for improvisation rather than changes
WhenStyleArtists C18-19Slave songs 1850sNegro spirituals Late C19BluesBessie Smith 1890sRagtimeScott Joplin 1910s New Orleans Jazz / Dixieland Louis Armstrong 1920sBig BandDuke Ellington 1930sSwing JazzGlenn Miller 1940sBebop Charlie Parker, Dizzy Gillespie Late 1940sCool JazzMiles Davis 1950sModal JazzMiles Davis
Call and Response 12 Bar Blues Blue notes Syncopation Extended chords Modes Changes Turnaround
Listen to All Blues and answer these questions: 1. What is the solo instrument at 00’21”-00’53” and 01’03”-01’35”? 2. What is the difference in the sound of the solo instrument in those sections and from 01’46” onwards? 3. How many times do you hear the 12-bar blues changes between 01’46” and 03’51”? 4. What is the solo instrument at 04’01”? 5. How many times do you hear the 12-bar blues changes between 04’01”-06’04”? 6. What is the solo instrument at 06’15”? 7. How many times do you hear the 12-bar blues changes between 06’16”-08’17”? 8. What is the solo instrument at 08’27”? 9. How many times do you hear the 12-bar blues changes between 08’27”-09’28”? 10. What is the solo instrument at 09’38”?