Chapter 2 Data Analysis, Part II

Metric Conversions Move the decimal to the right Move the decimal to the left o Every metric unit is different from its neighbor by a factor of ten oWhen converting between two units the decimal point is moved the number of places equal to the distance between the two unit in the chart above and in the same direction of movement

Sample problem Convert the following 53 hg = ________dg Start with 53. Move the decimal 3 spaces to the right 53 Fill in the empty spaces with zeros dg Move the decimal to the right Move the decimal to the left

Sample Problem Convert the following 300 cg = ________kg Start with 300. Move the decimal 5 spaces to the left 300 Fill in the empty spaces with zeros kg Move the decimal to the right Move the decimal to the left

More Practice Problems Convert the following dam = _______ dm 0.25 cL = _______ L 109 hg = ________ mg

Factor Label Method of Conversion Use conversion factors to systematically move from one unit to the next, cancelling out units on the diagonal in each step. Convert 18 m = _______ cm 100 cm = 1 m1 m = 100 cm 18m 100 cm 1 m = 1800 cm

Multistep Factor Label Problems Convert 350 tsp = ______ L Using the following conversion factors 1 tsp = 5 mL 1 L = 1000 mL 350 tsp 5 mL 1 tsp 1 L 1000 mL = 1.75 L

Multistep Factor Label Practice Convert 3 min= ______ms Use 1 min=60 s and 1000 ms = 1 s Convert 32oz = _____ g Use 16 oz=1 lb, 2.2 lb = 1kg, 1kg=1000 g

Multidimensional Factor Label Problems Convert 25 g/mL = ______ kg/dL Convert one unit at a time Recognize that one unit is in the denominator 25 g 1 mL 1 Kg 1000 g 100mL 1 dL =2.5kg/dL

Multidimensional Factor Label Practice Convert 85 km/hr = _________m/s Convert 0.6 L/min = ________ qt/hr Use 1qt = 1.1L

Significant Figures in Measurement Scientists determine the precision of instruments by the number of digits they report. Significant figures include all known digits plus one estimated digit

Measurement Challenge What value would you assign to each of these measurements? _________ mL _________ cm

Significant Figures When examining a number, you determine the number of digits that are significant by the following rules: 1.All non-zero numbers are significant 2.All final zeros to the right of a decimal are significant 3.Zeros between significant digits are significant 4.For positive numbers less than one, all zeros directly after the decimal before the first significant figure are not significant. 5.All zeros at the end of a whole number are not significant.

Sig Fig Challenge How many sig figs are there in the following numbers:

Sig Fig Rules for Calculations Multiplication and Division Your answer can not contain more or less sig figs than the operator that contains the least number of sig figs x 0.45= Identify the significant figures, look on place beyond. If that digit is 5 or above, round up. If it is less than 5 drop off. Addition and Subtraction Your answer can not contain more or less sig figs than the operator that contains the least number of decimal places.