e- Tour VIII : Analysis & design E. Widodo

2 e- Objectives Understand some approaches to analyze requirements of e-Business solution.Understand some approaches to analyze requirements of e-Business solution. Know some key elements of techniques to provide “blueprint” design for the e-Business solution.Know some key elements of techniques to provide “blueprint” design for the e-Business solution.

3 e- Contents IntroIntro Analysis for e-BusinessAnalysis for e-Business Process modelingProcess modeling Data modelingData modeling Design for e-BusinessDesign for e-Business

4 e- Intro General understanding of analysis & design:General understanding of analysis & design: –Analysis: platform-independent approach to elicit “what” are the requirements of system’s business- process or users. –Design: platform-dependent models as guidance to develop final system solution. –Analysis & design: identifying and structuring of system requirements to be able to create the plan/blueprint of e-business solution effectively & efficiently. –Role: to convert strategic planning into final implementation of system solution. StrategicPlanningSystemSolution Analysis Design

5 e- Analysis for e-business Analysis for e-business: understanding the business and user requirements for e-business system by:Analysis for e-business: understanding the business and user requirements for e-business system by: –Understanding the current business process –Reviewing possible alternatives for implementing e- business solution Role: used as a tool to optimize the flow of information both inside and outside organization.Role: used as a tool to optimize the flow of information both inside and outside organization. Commonly used tools:Commonly used tools: –Workflow management (WFM) –Process modeling (PM) –Data modeling (DM)

6 e- Workflow management WFM: the automation of a business process, in a whole or part during which documents, information or task are passed from one participant to another for action, according to a set of procedural rules.WFM: the automation of a business process, in a whole or part during which documents, information or task are passed from one participant to another for action, according to a set of procedural rules. Criteria in performing WFM:Criteria in performing WFM: –As soon as possible –By the right entity –In the right order Purpose:Purpose: –Assign task to people/entity –Remind people about their tasks –Allow collaboration between people/entity –Retrieve information needed to perform task –Provide report to management about task status & organization performance

7 e- Process modeling Using hierarchical method of:Using hierarchical method of: –The processes and its constituent sub-processes –The dependencies between processes –The inputs and outputs of processes Activity-based process definition: analysis tools used to identify the relationship between tasks within business process.Activity-based process definition: analysis tools used to identify the relationship between tasks within business process. Process: part of a system that has a clearly defined purpose or objective as well as clearly defined inputs & outputs.Process: part of a system that has a clearly defined purpose or objective as well as clearly defined inputs & outputs. Process mapping: identification of location and responsibility of process within organizationProcess mapping: identification of location and responsibility of process within organization –Purpose: to eliminate the overlapping of functional area

8 e- Example of process mapping

9 e- Task analysis & decomposition Task Analysis: identification of a group of task, their sequence and how they are broken down.Task Analysis: identification of a group of task, their sequence and how they are broken down. Curtis 1995 provides a useful framework of task analysis & decomposition as follow:Curtis 1995 provides a useful framework of task analysis & decomposition as follow: –Level 1 Business Process Level 2 ActivitiesLevel 2 Activities –Level 3 Task »Level 4 Sub-task Business process: a set of one or more linked procedure or activities which collectively realize a business objective.Business process: a set of one or more linked procedure or activities which collectively realize a business objective. Activity: a collection of work that forms one logical step within a process.Activity: a collection of work that forms one logical step within a process. Task (Work item) : representation of the work to be processed in the context of an activity within a process instance.Task (Work item) : representation of the work to be processed in the context of an activity within a process instance.

10 e- Example of task analysis

11 e- Flow process chart FPC: tools for describing the sequence of activities of a workflow that is a part of a business processFPC: tools for describing the sequence of activities of a workflow that is a part of a business process Symbols used:Symbols used:

12 e- Example of Flow Process Chart

13 e- Using FPC for efficiency (1/2) Original situationOriginal situation

14 e- Using FPC for efficiency (2/2) After re-engineering processAfter re-engineering process

15 e- Network diagram (Generalized Activity Network = GAN)

16 e- Event-driven Process Chain (EPC)  Model for SAP R/3 ERP

17 e- General model of EPC

18 e- Use-case analysis

19 e- Use-case scenario

20 e- Data modeling Data modeling for e-Business & e-Commerce system solution is referred to relational database analysis in information system management:Data modeling for e-Business & e-Commerce system solution is referred to relational database analysis in information system management: –Entity Relationship Diagram –Normalization Critical step in developing them:Critical step in developing them: –Identifying entities –Identifying attributes for entities –Identifying relationships & its properties among them Things to be remembered:Things to be remembered: –Entity –Attribute (primary key, secondary key) –Record –Relationship

21 e- Example of data modeling

22 e- Design for e-Business Architectural design of e-Business system:Architectural design of e-Business system: –Client/server model: system architecture in which end-user machine is known as client run application while accessing data and program from server –Typical function in client/server model: Data storageData storage Query processingQuery processing Display/Interface  the most prominentDisplay/Interface  the most prominent Application logicApplication logic –Three-tier client/server model: the first tier is the client that handles display, the second is application logic & business rules, the third is database storage.

23 e- Display/interface Display/interface is the front-line of e-business & e-commerce system solution to the users.Display/interface is the front-line of e-business & e-commerce system solution to the users. It varies in term of:It varies in term of: –Structure –Presentation –Behavior Display/interface implements hypertext scheme.Display/interface implements hypertext scheme. Navigation refers to paging structure and process flow among system display. It also reflects system solution functionality derived from its business use-cases.Navigation refers to paging structure and process flow among system display. It also reflects system solution functionality derived from its business use-cases.

24 e- Display: structure, presentation & behavior

25 e- Three-tier client/server model

26 e- e-Business architecture

27 e- 8 th week souvenir Task 1: Base on your previously agreed topic arrange its analysis and design phases prior to its implementation. Note: at least it consists of: 1. Process mapping 2. Task analysis 3. Use-case model 4. Flow process chart 5. Data modeling 6. Interface navigation