Normal text - click to edit / Gas Hydrates: A Major Energy Resource: Bjørn Kvamme, UiB USGS estimates that methane trapped in hydrate.

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Normal text - click to edit / Gas Hydrates: A Major Energy Resource: Bjørn Kvamme, UiB USGS estimates that methane trapped in hydrate might amount to twice all known resources of free fossil fuels

Normal text - click to edit Injection of CO2 into natural gas hydrate (ice-like structure containing 14% CH4 in a volume similar to ice) leads to conversion into a mixed hydrate with release of up to 75% of in situ hydrate without any additional energy added, thus providing energy production and safe long term storage of CO2 The concept have been proven and verified through numerous experiments worldwide. We have collaborated with COP on experiments and theory for 10 years Bentheimer sandstone, 10 cm long 4 cm diameter and a spacer for free fluid volume Ou t In P Ou t In CH4 CO2 Cooling Bath Insulated Lines Confining Pressure Pump Reciprocatin g Pump Pore Pressure Pumps MRI High Pressure Cell Core Plug Confining Pressure Pore Pressure MRI Magnet Experimental set-up for formation and reformation of hydrate under MRI monitoring Water in hydrate is invisible in the magnetic field. Free CH4 gas is visible. Injection of CO2 into hydrate releases methane from hydrate

Normal text - click to edit Release of CH4 as injected CO2 goes into the hydrate structure can be monitored through the MRI intensity. Mass balances verify

Normal text - click to edit A project for large scale testing of our patent is in progress with substantial funding from DOE (DOE project MH_06553) and first test is planned for February 2012 (wells are drilled this year) PATENTS 1) Graue, A., Kvamme, B., UiB, ConocoPhillips: Production of free gas by gas hydrate conversion. US Patent Patented in 142 countries 2) Kvamme, B., UoB: International Patent application No. PCT/EP2009/004443: Method of creating a carbon dioxide hydrate Further developments of the concept is in progress And open to collaboration with industry and public funding institutions