Communists take power in china

Essential idea Mao Zedong established his brand of Marxist Socialism in China.

COMMUNISTS VS NATIONIALISTS Communists Led by: Mao ZedongLed by: Mao Zedong Location: North Western ChinaLocation: North Western China Supported by: Chinese peasantsSupported by: Chinese peasants By 1945, controlled much of Northern ChinaBy 1945, controlled much of Northern China Nationalists Led by: Jiang JieshiLed by: Jiang Jieshi Location: South Western ChinaLocation: South Western China Supported by U.S.Supported by U.S. Won a few battles against the Japanese but saving strength for battle against Mao’s Red ArmyWon a few battles against the Japanese but saving strength for battle against Mao’s Red Army

Civil war resumes Nationalists- backed by U.S.Nationalists- backed by U.S. Communists- had popular supportCommunists- had popular support October Mao gained control of the countryOctober Mao gained control of the country Declares it the People’s Republic of ChinaDeclares it the People’s Republic of China China and Soviet Union sign a treaty of friendship in 1950China and Soviet Union sign a treaty of friendship in 1950

Two Chinas TIAWAN “Nationalist China”“Nationalist China” 13,000 square miles13,000 square miles U.S. supportedU.S. supported People’s Republic of China China under MaoChina under Mao 3.5 million square miles3.5 million square miles Expands to take control of TibetExpands to take control of Tibet Dali Lama flees to India

Mao’s brand of Marxist socialism Seized holdings of landholders and divided land among peasantsSeized holdings of landholders and divided land among peasants Forced to join collective farmsForced to join collective farms Private companies nationalizedPrivate companies nationalized Set high production goals for industrySet high production goals for industry

Communism weakens The Plan: “The Great Leap Forward” Goal: Larger collective farms (communes) by end of 1958 Weakness: Poorly managed Result: Crop failures caused a famine that killed 20 million people (1961)

Split with soviet union The Split: with Soviet Union Reason 1: Territorial disputes along border Reason 2: Both wanted to be the world leaders for Communism

The rEd guard Who: Millions of college and high school students who dropped out and formed a militia Why: Mao urged young people to “learn revolution by making revolution”

Cultural Revolution Goal: to establish a society of peasants and workers in which all were equal

Cultural Revolution What Happened: Intellectual and artistic activity- seen as useless and dangerousIntellectual and artistic activity- seen as useless and dangerous Colleges and schools- shut downColleges and schools- shut down Those who resisted regime- targeted by Red GuardThose who resisted regime- targeted by Red Guard Thousands executed or imprisonedThousands executed or imprisoned

Cultural Revolution How it ended: By 1968, chaos threatened farm production and closed factoriesBy 1968, chaos threatened farm production and closed factories Mao ordered the army to put down the Red GuardMao ordered the army to put down the Red Guard Cultural RevolutionCultural RevolutionCultural RevolutionCultural Revolution