Respiration Changing Food to Energy

Total ATP Yield 02 ATP - glycolysis 02 ATP - Krebs cycle 32 ATP - Electron Transport Chain 36 ATP - TOTAL That is a lot of energy!

What is Cellular Respiration? Three Stages of Respiration Fermentation

What is Energy? What is the “Energy Currency” of the cell ?

Do you need energy? If you are sleeping in class do you need energy?

Cellular respiration is the process of taking Oxygen And Glucose And turning it into ATP The energy currency for the cell

review review review Where do we get glucose?

Is Cellular respiration an efficient process?

Cellular Respiration happens in 3 phases Glycolysis Citric Acid Cycle (Krebs Cycle) Electron Transport Chain (ETC)

The Big Picture Name them again! Glycolysis products Critic Acid Cycle (Krebs Cycle) products Electron Transport Chain

Glycolysis happens in the cytoplasm What’s that? ?

Glycolysis A series of chemical reactions that Breaks down glucose Into 2 Pyruvic Acids

When glucose is broken down to 2 pyruvic acids 4 ATP is made! Starts with ____________ Ends with _______________ BUT 2 ATP are needed to make the reaction happen so…..

SO……….. The net gain of ATP from Glycolysis is 2 ATP We also get 2 molecules of NADH 4 ATP made 2 used in the process * Net gain of 2 ATP + 2 NADH review 4 – 2 = 2 Not to be confused with NADPH in plants—It is similar however

Picks up an electron – This is important and we will see why later Remember 2 pyruvic acids carbon molecules We get 2 ATPs

Where do we go next? If O 2 Is available then The Citric Acid Cycle Kreb’s Cycle Happens next

Now the pyruvic acid moves in to the mitochondria It goes through a series of chemical reactions and looses one CO 2 molecule And an Intermediate product is formed called pyruvate Where does this carbon dioxide go?

The intermediate product is combined with Coenzyme A to form Acetyl Co-A Say it with rhythm….. Pyruvate combines with Coenzyne A to form Aceytal Co-A (stomp)

Citric Acid Cycle Kreb’s Cycle A series of reactions that break down Acetyl Co-A into: 2 molecule of ATP 6 molecules of NADH 2 molecule FADH 2 CO 2 is a by-product of the Kreb’s Cycle This phase is really similar to the Calvin Cycle in plants Remember there were 2 pyruvic acids that were groomed for the Kreb’s Cycle It takes two turns of the cycle to produce these products

The products of the Citric Acid cycle One more time! One turn of the cycle changes Acetyl Co-A into ______ ATPs _______ NADH ________FADH 2 ________ is released Acetyl Co-A 2 acetyl Co-A takes two turns of the Kreb’s Cycle

What’s Next? Electron Transport Chain Or ETC for the lazy people!

ETC Happens on the mitochondrion membrane FADH and NADH each carry electrons and H to the Chain Electrons go down the chain and O 2 is the final electron acceptor O 2 binds with H to form H 2 O The Electron Transport Chain produces 32 ATP s That’s a lot of ATP!

Let’s Review When Oxygen is available we call this energy production is called Aerobic 2 turns Makes 4 ATP

Glycolysis takes place Pyruvate is converted into other molecules and the Krebs cycle and the electron transport system do not occur - ** This is called fermentation Does not produce near as much energy as aerobic respiration, but gets some animals by when they need energy! Especially FAST energy! But this type of energy doesn’t last very long. But Oxygen isn’t always available so Anaerobic Respiration Takes place

Answer these questions: 1.Where does cellular respiration take place? 2.Why do you think it is important that plants contain mitochondria? 3.What evidence did you have that cellular respiration too place in the spinach disks? 4.Make a Venn diagram to compare photosynthesis and respiration.