Period 5 Grammar (1) ‘It is’ + adjective + ‘of’…+ ‘(not) to’-infinitive & Verb ‘to be’ + adjective + ‘enough’ + ‘to’- infinitive

Grammar A It is + adj. + of sb.+ (not) to do

Revision What star sign are you? What is your characteristics?

You are kind. You love your home, family and like to take care of others. It is kind of you to like to take care of others.

You are generous. You like to buy your friends nice gifts. It is generous of you to buy your friends nice gifts.

You are polite and elegant. You love beautiful things, peace and do not like to argue with others. It is polite, elegant of you to love beautiful things, peace and not to like to argue with others.

Sometimes you are silly and do not forgive others for their fault. It is silly of you not to forgive others for their faults.

It is kind of you to like to take care of others. It is generous of you to buy your friends nice gifts. It is silly of you not to forgive others for their fault. It is polite, elegant of you to love beautiful things, peace and not to like to argue with others.

It is + adj. + of sb.+ (not) to do =You are + adj. + to do

1.We can use this pattern to express what we think of someone’s actions. ‘It is’Adjective ‘of’ Object‘(not) to’ -infinitive It is careless of Sandyto make a lot of mistakes. sillyhim not to forgive others for their faults.

We often use these adjectives ( 表示人 品的形容词 ) in this pattern. careless clever wise foolish good rude kind nice thoughtful polite selfish stupid silly wrong generous e.g. It is careless of you to forget your umbrella. =You are careless to forget your…. It is good of him to offer to help. =You are good to offer to help.

Finished all his summer homework in the first week confident Is never afraid of making a speech in assembly Always gets good marks in tests hard-working clever To express what we think of David ’ s actions → It ’ s confident of David to make a speech in assembly. → It ’ s hard-working of David to finish all his summer homework in the first week. → It ’ s clever of David to get good marks in tests.

Often help us with our homework Doesn ’ t forget to do the things he needs to do helpful organized To express what we think of David ’ s actions → It ’ s helpful of him to help us with our homework. → It ’ s organized of him not to forget to do the things he needs to do.

2.Sandy is careless. She makes a lot of mistakes. 3. She is ?. She cares only about herself. 1.You are kind. You help me with my homework. Join the sentences together → It ’ s careless of Sandy to make a lot of mistakes. → It ’ s kind of you to help me with my homework. → It ’ s selfish of her to care only about herself.

4.He is silly. He doesn ’ t forgive others for their faults. Join the sentences together → It ’ s silly of him not to forgive others for their faults. 5.Daniel is ?. He doesn ’ t show off in front of his classmates → It ’ s modest of Daniel not to show off in front of his classmates.

Complete the conversation (Part A on Page9) (1) ______ thoughtful of Andy to play his CDs for us.=? ( 2) It is clever of Amy __________ the birthday cards.=? (3) It is typical _____ Simon to make such a mess.=? It is to make of

(4) It is ________ of Kitty _______ each of us two presents.=? (5) It is _______ of Eddie _______ the whole birthday cake.=? (6) It is kind of your mum and dad __________ this party for us.=? generousto give selfish to eat to organize

Activities Prepare sentences to express your opinions about your classmates or other people’s actions, following the grammatical structure; adjectives, then report it one by one. It is + adj. + of sb. + to do sth. It is kind of Bo Yixuan to help me to start the computer before English classes. =Bo Yixuan is kind to help me to start the…. careless/foolish/kind/polite/silly/ clever/good/nice/selfish/wrong/wise/ rude/thoughtful/stupid/generous

Discussion What should we pay attention to when we use this structure? Please express your opinions by using: It is + adj. + for sb. + to do sth. easy/useful/difficult/important/helpful /necessary/benefit/….

It is useful for us to learn this pattern It is easy for us to learn this pattern. It is not difficult for us to learn this pattern. It is helpful for us to remember adjectives as many as we can. It is necessary for us to pay attention to the details of the structure. It is important for us to know the difference between ‘It is + adj. + of + sb. + to do…’ and ‘It is + adj. + for + sb. + to do …’

2.The two patterns’ meanings are different. We use ‘of’ and ‘for’ in different sentences. If the adjective in the sentence is used to describe sb., we use the prep. ‘of’. If the adjective in the sentence is used to describe the infinitive ‘to do sth.’, we use the prep. ‘for’.

It+is+ nice, kind, good, wrong, clever, foolish, silly, careless, generous, selfish, polite, … + of + for sb.+(not) to + sb.+(not) to do sth. do sth. important, necessary, impossible, possible, interesting, hard, difficult, easy, … 描述整个 不定 式 的情况如何或 怎样的形容词 adj. 描述行为者的性 格品质的形容词

e.g. It is kind of you to help me. =You are kind to help me. It is important for us to learn English. =To learn English is important for us.

Please say something about your thought by using the information given in the table and the patterns: “It is + adj.+ for/of sb.+ to do sth.”

importantweprotect the wildlife harmfulwepollute the environment selfishhuman being kill the wild animals foolishfarmerschange the farmland to make more space for farms and buildings wrongwomenwear the clothes made of animal fur necessarywehelp the wild animals

It is important for us to protect the wildlife. It is harmful for people to pollute the environment. It is selfish of human beings to kill the wild animals. It is foolish of the farmers to change the farmlands to make more space for farms and buildings. It is wrong of the women to wear the clothes made of animal fur. It is necessary for us to help the wild animals.

Pay attention to It’s + adj. + of + sb. + to do sth. = Sb. is + adj. + to do sth. It’s + adj. + for + sb. + to do sth. = It’s + adj. + that clause It is + adj. + to do sth.

3. Tenses: 1).We use this pattern ‘It is adj.+ of sb.+ to do sth.’to describe how we feel about what someone does now. 2).We can also use ‘It was … of sb.….’ to describe how we feel about what someone did in the past. e.g. It was nice of Sandy to help me with my work. 3).The future form is: ‘It will be… of sb.….’(Be rarely used)

4.Sometimes we can use ‘That is’ and ‘How’ instead of ‘It is’, e.g. That is thoughtful of you to remember my birthday. How thoughtful of you to remember my birthday!

Grammar B be+ adj.+ enough + to do sth.

What is the star sign’s characteristics? He is patient. He can wait without getting angry. He is patient enough to wait without getting angry. He is kind. He likes to take care of others. He is kind enough to like to take care of others.

He is generous. He likes to buy his friends nice gifts. He is generous enough to like to buy his friends nice gifts. He is strange. He tries everything to be different. He is strange enough to try everything to be different.

be + adj. + enough + to do sth. =be + so + adj. + that-clause

subjectbeadj.enoughto do Iamconfident enoughto make a speech in assembly. You/We/Theyare He/She/It/Davidis We can use this pattern to describe a person’s personality and abilities. She is imaginative enough to write interesting stories. They were patient enough to wait another hour.

Make sentences using ‘be +adj. +enough to do’ Lisa is energetic enough to be a leader. Peter is imaginative enough to become 1.Lisa, energetic, be a leader _______________________________ 2.Peter, imaginative, become an artist _____________________________ _________ an artist.

Complete Part B on page 10 1.to/Daniel/at all times/is/help his friends/enough (less able class) 2.To be/Andy/a leader/is/enough Daniel is kind enough to help his friends at all times. kind Andy is energetic enough to be a leader. energetic

3.friends/Amy/enough/is/to make/ easily 4.is/enough/Kitty/to be/an artist 5.to/Simon/buy gifts/enough/is/for all of us Amy is outgoing enough to make friends easily. Kitty is creative enough to be an Artist. Simon is generous enough to buy gifts for all of us. outgoing creative generous

6.eough/to make/Shirley/us all laugh/is 7.is/Eddie/to sleep/enough/all day Shirley is funny enough to make us all laugh. Eddie is lazy enough to sleep all day. funny lazy

Consolidations I.Complete the sentences using an adjective from the first column and a phrase from the second column.

boring, careless, clever, hot, kind, selfish to cook an egg outside, to eat it all himself to forget my homework, to make me fall asleep to pass all her exams, to think of others before himself 1.Is Susan a good student? Yes. She’s ______ enough ____________ 2.Do you like John? Yes. He’s ______ enough _____________ ______________. 3.Is that TV programme interesting? No. It’s ______ enough ______________ _______. boring to pass all her exams. kindto think of before himself clever to make me fall asleep

boring, careless, clever, hot, kind, selfish to cook an egg outside, to eat it all himself to forget my homework, to make me fall asleep to pass all her exams, to think of others before himself 4.Did you make a mistake? Yes. I was _______ enough ___________ _________. 5.Where is the cake? Eddie was ______ enough ____________ ________. 6.How is the weather? It’s ____ enough ___________________. careless to forget my homework selfishto eat it all himself hot to cook an egg outside

II. Can you say the sentences in another way? 1.Kate is lucky enough to win the competition. Kate is so lucky that she can win the competition. 2.Tom is energetic enough to play football for three hours. Tom is so energetic that he can play football three hours. 3.Bill is not strong enough to lift the heavy box. Bill is too weak to lift the heavy box.

Pay attention to differences among : too…to; …enough to; so…that… and the exchanges.

too + adj. + to do sth. 1). “ 太 …… 而不能 ……”, 2). 否定意义 3). 形容词后面跟不定式. The boy is too young to join the army. adj. + enough to do sth. 1). “ 足够 …… 以致于能够 ……”, 2). 肯定意义 3). enough 在这作副词, 修饰形容词时要后置, 其后也跟不 定式.(enough 用作形容词修饰名词时, 前后置都可以. ） The boy is not old enough to join the army. so + adj.+ that -clause… 1). “ 如此 …… 以致于能够 ……” 2). 肯定意义 3). 形容词后面跟表示结果的状语从句. The boy is so young that he can’t join the army.

Notice 用 enough to 和 so…that 代替 too…to 时, 要用否定 句形式. 同时, enough 所在句中的形容词要用原句 中形容词的反义词. e.g. The room is too small to hold so many people. = The room is not big enough to hold so many people. = The room is so small that it can’t hold so many people.

III. Talk about the topics below 1.Mark can design the school newsletter. (creative) 2.Leo can complete all his homework on time. (hard-working) 3.Sally can solve this difficult problem. (intelligent) 4.Sam can make a speech in front of the whole school. (confident) 5.Simon couldn’t catch a fish. (impatient) Sb. is too…to/…enough to/so …that-clause...

VI. Read and correct: He is enough old to go to school. My teacher is enough patient to help me. I have books enough to give every student. Kitty is enough full and can eat nothing. to be + adj.+ enough + to do v + enough + n. (enough) + to do old enough patient enough enough books full enough

Useful expressions: 1.play his CDs for us 2.make a birthday cards 3.give each us of two presents 4.organize this party for us 5.at all times = always 6.buy gifts for all of us 7.make such a mess

Sentences: 1.It is typical of Simon to make such a mess. = Simon is typical to make such a mess. 2.It is silly of you not to forgive others for their faults. = You are silly not to forgive others for their faults. fish. 3.Kitty is not patient enough to catch a = Kitty is so impatient that she can’t catch a fish. = Kitty is too impatient to catch a fish.

make such a mess, so hard-working such, 形容词,“ 那（这）样的，像那样的, 如此的, 像这一类的 ” ，修饰名词。置于名词之前。 E.g. ： I cannot answer such a question. 我无法回答这样的问题。 They want to drink juice, soda or such cold drinks. 他们想喝果汁、苏打水或这一类的汁。 a, an 置于 such 之后。但 no, any, some, all, many 等则置于 such 之前。 E.g. ： I’d heard of some such rumors. 我听到过一些那样的谣传。

so, 副词， “ 那（这）么，那（这）样的，如此 地 “ ，通常． 用于所修饰的形容词、副词之前。 如： Don’t go so fast. 别走得那么快。 b. so+ 形容词 + a+ 名词，如： I’ve never seen so amusing a film. = I’ve never seen such a amusing film. 我从来没有看过这么有趣的电影。 mix, mixture mixture 只能用作名词，而 mix 即可作动词，也 可以作名词（但用得较少）。

1. A. It is _________ ____ Simon ___ buy gifts for all of us. B. It is _______ _____Bob _____ eat the whole cake. 4. A. It is __________ ________ Amy ______ work out the difficult maths problem. B. It is _______________ _______ me not _______ work out the easiest one. 2. A. It is _______________ _____ David _____ do a lot of extra work for the Students’ Union. B. It is _______ _______ Tom ______ sleep all day. 3.A. It is _______ ____ Paul ___ wait without getting angry. B. It is _________ ____ her not____ wait for a while. hard-working generous clever patient I.Choose the correct adjectives to complete Sentences A, then use their opposites to complete Sentences B. generous selfish of to hard-working lazy patient impatient clever foolish/silly of to of

3. 比利能想出这么多好点子真是富有创造性。 ideas. _____________________________with so many good II Translation: II. Translation: 1. 你把报纸拿给我真是太好了。 me the newspaper. It ’ s nice/kind of you to 2. 你的父母亲为我们组织这个晚会真是考虑周到。 _______________________________________ this party for us. It ’ s thoughtful of your parents to organize It’s creative of Billy to come up 4. 对他来说要解决这个问题是很困难的。 It’s _______________________________ problem. 5. 她没有犯任何错误真是太细心了。 It’s ____________________________ any mistakes. difficult for him to solve the careful of her not to make

8. 学英语对于我们来说是很重要的. ____________________ learn English. ? It ’ s + adj. + of/for + sb. + ( not ) to do sth. 9. 对于学生们来说每个星期都进行测验是没有必要的。 _____________________________ tests every week. 7. 她不想到别人真是自私。 _______________________________ others. It’s selfish of her not to think of It’s typical of Simon to make It’s important for us to It’s unnecessary for students to have 6. 西蒙总是把东西弄得一团糟. _______________________ such a mess.

III. Choose ‘of ’ or ‘for’ to complete the following sentences following sentences  It is very kind_____ you to lend me your bike.  It is wrong _____ us not to hand in our homework on time.  It isn’t polite ______ you to say bad words about others.  It is necessary _____ students to achieve a balance between their homework and hobbies.  It is easy ______Lily to solve the problem. of for of for

VI. Correct the mistake in each sentence VI. Correct the mistake in each sentence 1.That’s very interesting to play computer games. 2. It’s useful for we to learn English well. 3. It’s careless for him to lose the key. 4. Peter is enough easy-going to get on well with everyone. 5. Suzy is humourous enough that make us laugh. That’s → It’s we → us for → of that → to enough easy-going → easy-going enough

VI. Change the following sentences without change their meaning without change their meaning 1.Kitty dances for two hours every day. She is active. ( 同义句 ) _____ _____ _____ Kitty ____ _____ for two hours every day. 2. It’s impossible that we spend too much time on hobbies. ( 同义句 ) It’s ________ ___ ___ ___ spend too much time on hobbies. It’s active of to dance impossible for us to

3.Amy is so outgoing that she can make friends easily. Amy is _______ ______ ___ ____ friends easily. outgoing enough to make Our teachers are ___ ______ ____ they spend a lot of time explaining things to us. 4.Our teachers are patient enough to spend a lot of time explaining things to us. so patient that enough 必须置于所修饰的形容词之后 ‘enough to’ 可以与 ‘so … that’ 互换

VII.China’s Shenzhou VI landed successfully on the morning of 17th this month. The students of Class One,Grade 9 are all talking about this.Help Amy and Kitty complete their conversation. Amy: Have you heard of the successful landing of Shenzhou VI? Kitty: Yes, of course. It’s _______________( exciting that, exciting to ) hear such good news. Amy: Yes. I think it’s brave _________ ( of / for) the two spacemen( 宇航员 ), Fei Junlong and Nie Haisheng ____________(to take/that take) this task. exciting to of to take

Kitty: I agree with you. It’s very dangerous ____(for/of) them to do the job. They may lose their lives if they’re not __________________ (careful enough / enough careful). Amy: But they are ________________________(enough confident/ confident enough) _________(to/that) finish the great mission( 飞行 ). Kitty: Yes, I agree. And it’s said that it’s very hard ____________(to be/being) a spaceman. Amy: Sure. I think they are _________________ (good enough/enough good ) to be great spacemen. for careful enough confident enough to to be good enough

Homework

We can also decide whether we should use ‘of’ or ‘for’ in a sentence according to the following rules. 规则： 将 of 或 for 去掉，将表示 sb 的词作句子 主语，表语不变，后接不定式，组成一个 句子。若句子正确，则用 of ，若不正确用 for 。

helpful Finished all his summer homework in the first week David’s good qualities to be a good chairperson Is never afraid of making a speech in assembly Always gets good marks in tests Remembers to do the things he needs to do Often helps us with our homework confident clever hard-working organized David David is hard-working enough to finish all his summer homework in the first week. David is clever enough to always get good marks in tests. David is helpful enough to help us with our homework. David is organized enough to remember to do the things he needs to do. David is confident enough to make a speech in assembly.