Ocean Motion
Waves are..... Wave height will change if the wind.... Waves are caused by.... Types of waves Waves cause erosion of the shoreline
Tsunami Wave caused by an earthquake that is larger than usual.
Compare and contrast the two pictures.
the daily rise and fall of the water level along the shores.
What is going on in these pictures? What is the relationship between the high tide and moon?
Tides are caused by the moon’s gravity. The sun’s gravity also affects tides but not as much because it is farther away from us.
The Moon pulls the ocean water away from the Earth’s surface creating bulges and low spots.
Therefore tides depend on the Earth’s rotation (on its axis) and the moon’s revolution.
The high tide follows the moon as it orbits Earth.
Tides take 6 hours to change from high to low
So there are 4 tides a day! 2 high and 2 low
Spring tides- Occur during the full and new moon, extra high tides b/c gravitational forces combine (2 a month)
Neap tides- Occur during the quarter moons, extra low tide b/c opposite gravitational forces.
TIDE Main Ideas: 1.- are caused by the moons gravity 2.-change every 6 hours (4 per day)
A large stream of moving water that flows through the ocean
Currents are important because they Stir and mix up the ocean water Affect climates around the world
2 types of currents: TypeDefinitionCauseAffecting factors Surface Horizontal water movement near the surface of the ocean winds that blow constantly in the same direction (Global winds) 1. Wind direction 2. Coriolis effect* 3. Continental deflection 4. Water temp. Deep Stream/river like movement far below the surface Differences in density 1. Water temp. 2. Salinity
The curving of global winds and currents because the Earth is spinning. If the Earth did not rotate currents and global winds would travel in straight lines from the equator to the poles. *The Coriolis Effect
There is also upwelling and down welling in the oceans. Cold nutrient rich water from the deep comes to the surface and is replaced by warmer water. Caused by wind Move nutrients (food) up and oxygen down.
Surface Currents affect climate- B/C they affect air temperature. Therefore a warm current traveling north can carry warm air further north than normally expect and cold currents traveling south cause cooler climates.
The Gulf Stream is an of this climate effect This map shows the ocean temperatures as they travel from the Gulf of Mexico, along the coast and out over the Atlantic. This warms the air above the ocean and makes the weather in the UK warmer and milder.
Current Main Ideas: 1.- are caused by differences in density due to temp. and salinity differences. 2.-affect weather and air temp.