Indian Ocean-Atmosphere Coupling: Its role on ENSO and Monsoon Variability C. Perigaud (JPL), D. Neelin (UCLA), and J. McCreary (IPRC)

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Presentation transcript:

Indian Ocean-Atmosphere Coupling: Its role on ENSO and Monsoon Variability C. Perigaud (JPL), D. Neelin (UCLA), and J. McCreary (IPRC)

Variability studied over with: * Data: FSU winds Arkin rainfall Reynolds SST TOPEX sea level XBT from BRMC, Australia * Models: Indian and Pacific Oceans, Tropical Atmosphere, the Coupler the experiments (“forced” or “partially coupled”)

QTCM Atmosphere QTCM: Quasi-Equilibrium Tropical Circulation Model Neelin and Zeng (2000) Run forced by land + SST Reynolds > CLIMa

IND4LM: Indian Ocean IND4LM:Model with 4-dynamic layers + halo-thermal mixing McCreary and Han (2000) Run forced by FSU winds +Arkin rain + Molinari heat---> CLIMo

OASIS Coupler OASIS: Ocean-Atmosphere SeaIce Soil, Terray et al. (1995) Here, it couples IND4LM (and tropical Pacific) with QTCM

SSTo=Anom+CLIMo SSTa=Anom+CLIMa FLXo=Anom+CLIMo FLXa=Anom+CLIMa

QTCM Ind4LM Experiments The two experiments differ by their inputs over the Indian ocean: Exp 0: SST_Ind4LM = Climatology Reynolds SST data Exp 1: SST_Ind4LM = Reynolds SST data FSU winds QTCM winds heat rain Ind4LM Sea level Salinity Temperature Reynolds SST

Impact of Indian SSTs on Pacific trade winds

Impact of Indian SSTs on Rainfall Rainfall at 92ºE, 7ºS

Impact on Sea Surface Salinity

Sea Surface Salinity Changes because of winds (and rain)

Impact on Sea Surface Temperature

Conclusion Indian SST anomalies are responsible for rainfall deficits over Indonesia in 1994 and Dipole mode is not the only mode of variability involving Indian Ocean-Atmosphere coupling. * Rain min associated with SSS min in 1994, with SSS max in * Forcing the Indian Ocean with realistic RAIN is crucial to simulate realistic SST.