Grammar Last Review! Modals/ Passive Voice/ Reported Speech

Modal Verbs! ▪ SUMMARY CHART OF MODALS AND SIMILAR EXPRESSIONS Page 199

Modal Verbs! 1)I have no time. I ________leave now or I ________miss the bus. 2)She looks tired. She_________take some days off. 3)Judy is not at home. She__________have gone to Madrid, I don't know. 4)Tom______play tennis quite well. I usually play with him every weekend. 5)______you water my plants while I am away? If they don't get enough water they certainly die. 6)You__________clean your room more often. 7)_____you speak German? No, I_______. must will should may can Could should Cancan’t

Modal Verbs! 8.Pupils_______________attend the game. It’s optional Correct the mistakes: a.He must to be there by six o’clock. b.You don’t have to park here. It’s forbidden. c.You should talked to him. He’s very upset. d.He cans speak three languages. e.You have see the doctor. f.Did you can finish your work last night? don’t have to

Passive Voice V (s/-es)am/are/is+ pp V-ingam/are/is+pp V2 was/were+pp was/were v-ing was/were being+pp have/has+pp have/has been+pp had+pp had been+pp will+v will be +pp am/are/is+going to+v Am/are/is going to+be+pp will have+pp will have been+pp modal+v modal+be+pp modal+have+pp modal+have brrn+pp

1. They were interviewing her for the job. She ________________ for the job. a) was being interviewed b) was interviewed c) has been interviewed 2. She would have told you. You ________________ by her. a) would have been told b) would be told c) were being told 3. Everyone understands English. English ________________ by everyone. a) is understood b) has been understood c) was understood 4. The employees brought up this issue during the meeting. This issue ________________ by the employees during the meeting. a) has been brought up b) is brought up c) was brought up 5. The professor told him not to talk in class. He ________________ by the professor not to talk in class. a) has been told b) was told c) was being told 6. The fire has destroyed the house. The house ________________ by the fire. a) has been destroyed b) was being destroyed c) is destroyed

Passive Voice ▪ What are transitive and intransitive verbs? ▪ When do we use the by-phrase? ▪ What are direct and indirect objects?

From Active to Passive 1.They make shoes in that factory. 2.People must not leave bicycles in the driveway. 3.They built that skyscraper in The students will finish the course by July. 5.They make these tools of plastic. 6.Smithers painted 'Red Sunset' in They had finished the preparations by the time the guests arrived. 8.You should take care when working on electrical equipment.

Reported Speech ▪ When do we use tell or say? ▪ Changes from direct speech to indirect speech (page 252)

Reported Speech ▪ “I went to the cinema yesterday.” She said ________________________________________________________ ▪ “Jane left the party early.” She told me _____________________________________________________ ▪ “I didn't go out at the weekend.” She said ________________________________________________________ ▪ “He didn't like chocolate as a child.” She said ________________________________________________________

Place Expressions 1)They said, "This is our book." → They said ___________________________________________________________ 2)She said, "I went to the cinema yesterday." → She said ____________________________________________________________ 3)He said, "I am writing a test tomorrow." → He said_____________________________________________________________ 4)You said, "I will do this for him." → You said ____________________________________________________________ 5)She said, "I am not hungry now." → She said ____________________________________________________________ 6)They said, "We have never been here before." → They said ___________________________________________________________ 7)They said, "We were in London last week." → They said ___________________________________________________________ 8)He said, "I will have finished this paper by tomorrow." → He said _____________________________________________________________

Questions: ask, wonder, want to know ▪ "What's the time?" he asked. ▪ "When will we meet again?" she asked me. ▪ "Are you crazy?" she asked him. ▪ "Where did they live?" he asked. ▪ "Will you be at the party?" he asked her. ▪ "Can you meet me at the station?" she asked me. ▪ "Who knows the answer?" the teacher asked. ▪ "Have you tidied up your room?" the mother asked the twins.

Orders and Requests: tell/ask ▪ She said, "Go upstairs.“ ▪ "Close the door behind you," he told me. ▪ "Don't be late," he advised us. ▪ "Stop staring at me," she said. ▪ "Don't be angry with me," he said. ▪ "Leave me alone," she said.