R. Angeline Prabha & J.Lavina Mary FINAL ECE JACSI COLLEGE OF ENGG. NAZARETH

INTRODUCTION Artificial vision researchers take inspiration by cochlear implant, which restored hearing to deaf people. The EYE is the most important organ of human body,but vision system is complicated.

Role of RETINA Scattered light from the object enters through the CORNEA. The light is projected onto the RETINA. The retina sends messages to the brain through the OPTIC NERVE. The BRAIN interprets what the object is.

Anatomy of The EYE & its path view

HOW TO CREATE ARTIFICIAL VISION?  It could be achieved by stimulating the nerve GANGLIA behind the retina with an electrical current.  This helps to function the nerves behind the retina even the retina had degenerated.  For this we have to create a device that translates the images and electrical pulses that could restore the vision.

Concept for MICROCHIP  Small enough to be implanted in the eye.  Supplied with a continuous source of power.  Biocompatible with the surrounding eye tissue.

How ASR does works?  ASR contains microscopic solar cells which convert light into electric pulses.  To implant this three tiny incisions are made in the part of the eye.  The most interesting thing in the ASR is that it takes the power needed from the light entering the eye.  The currently developing device is artificial retina component chip(ARCC).

Here we can see where the ASR is placed between the outer &inner retinal layers

Working of artificial vision system

Operations The main parts are Signal processor Miniature video camera Brain implants

Contd…. Pinhole camera captures the scene & sends to a small computer. Processor translates the image into series of signals that the brain can understand. Brain implants recognize the image

What blind patients would not be able to use this device? We believe the device will be applicable to virtually all patients who are blind or who have very low vision. The only ones contraindicated would be a few blinded by serious brain damage, or who have chronic infections, etc. that preclude surgical implants. Patients who have a small amount of vision are not contraindicated. Visual cortex stimulation seems to work the same in both sighted and blind patients.

Advancement Transudation Sub-Retinal Prosthesis Cortical prosthesis Bio Hybrid Implant

Bottlenecks :  COST:The rate is higher depending upon the context and severity.  It may not work for people blinded as children or as infants.  It does not work as well as the real eye and does not have crystal-clear vision.

CONCLUSION The electronic eye is the latest in high-tech gadgets aimed at helping millions of blind and visually impaired people. This helps the challenged people to walk safely and read large letters. In recent years, progress is being made towards sensory distribution devices for the blind.

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