CLASSIFYING STARS. GOALS Understand how stars are grouped Understand the different ways a star can be named Explain how astronomers classify objects by.

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Presentation transcript:

CLASSIFYING STARS

GOALS Understand how stars are grouped Understand the different ways a star can be named Explain how astronomers classify objects by apparent brightness

CONSTELLATIONS Semi-rectangular regions of the sky with definite boundaries

CONSTELLATIONS 88 official constellations. Cover the entire sky Every star is part of one constellation

CONSTELLATIONS

NAMES OF STARS Common Names Many bright stars have ancient names Usually of Arabic, Greek or Latin origin Examples Betelgeuse Achernar

NAMES OF STARS The Bayer System (1603) Greek + possessive form of the Letterconstellation Greek letters assigned in order of brightness – Alpha (α) = brightest star – Beta (β) = second brightest

NAMES OF STARS Flamsteed System (1712) Number +possessive form of the constellation Number stars from west to east

NAMES OF STARS Example Common NameDeneb ConstellationCygnus Bayer NameAlpha Cygni Flamsteed Name50 Cygni

BRIGHTNESS OF STARS The Magnitude Scale – brightness scale Stars divided into six brightness groups – The brightest = first-magnitude stars – The faintest = sixth-magnitude stars

BRIGHTNESS OF STARS Apparent Visual Magnitude (m V ) A measure of the brightness as seen by human eyes on Earth. Does not take into account star’s distance from Earth

BRIGHTNESS OF STARS Apparent Visual Magnitude (m V ) Non-linear scale 1 magnitude = 2.5 times brighter Backwards Smaller magnitude = brighter

BRIGHTNESS OF STARS Differences in the scales 1.Star magnitudes can have decimal values. 2.The brightest stars have negative magnitudes 3.Telescopes allow one to view dimmer stars. The magnitude system was extended beyond the 6 th magnitude

GOALS - SUMMARIZE Understand how stars are grouped Understand the different ways a star can be named Explain how astronomers classify objects by apparent brightness

CONCEPT CHECK 1.If Jupiter is reported to be in the constellation of Taurus the Bull, does Jupiter need to be within the outline of the bull’s body? Why or why not? 2.Which constellation can Alpha Centauri be found in? 3.The star Zubenelgenubi has a apparent magnitude of 2.75, while Sulafat has an apparent magnitude of Which star appears brighter?

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