Joseph Haydn ( )
“Haydn is, together with Schumann, probably the most neglected and misunderstood of the greatest composers. It degrades one of history’s most innovative composers into a lovable but minor figure.” -András Schiff
HAYDN AT THE KEYBOARD KEYBOARD INSTRUMENTS IN HAYDN’S TIME & HAYDN’S CHOICE OF INSTRUMENTS HAYDN’S STYLE AND PERFORMANCE OF PIANO SONATAS
London Performance March 2, 1792 Importance of this performance Samuel Wesley & Graeme Skinner's reports on Haydn's performance
“With the utmost Accuracy and Precision,” undoubtedly to the added delight of an already dazzled audience.” - Samuel Wesley “The renowned composer so electrified the audience, as to excite an attention and a pleasure superior to any that had ever.” - Graeme Skinner
C.P.E. Bach & The Clavichord The Harpsichord The Fortepiano
The double-manual harpsichord Ex. Sonata in E-flat Major, Hob. XVI: 25/II, mm Ex. Sonata in F Major, Hob. XVI: 23/II, mm. 6
The fortepiano Ex. Sonata in C Major, Hob. XVI: 50/I, mm Open Pedal marking
Dynamics marking Ex. Sonata in E-flat Major, Hob. XVI: 49/II, mm
Haydn & C.P.E. Bach's relationship “I did not come away from my instrument until I had played through them all, and anyone who knows me well must realize that I owe a great deal to Emanuel Bach, that I have understood him and studied him diligently.” - Joseph Haydn
C.P.E. Bach's inspiration Haydn's uniqueness
The Turn - Haydn Ornament Ex. Sonata in D Major, Hob. XVI: 19/II, mm. 64 The Appoggiaturas Ex. Sonata in E-flat Major, Hob. XVI: 45/I, mm. 15
Written-Out cadenzas w/ "Tenuto" fermatas Ex. Sonata in c Minor, Hob. XVI: 20, mm
Cadenzas improvisation Ex. Before the end in slow movements in two of Haydn's early piano sonatas, Hob. XVI: 19 & 46
Sonata in D Major, Hob: XVI: 19 - Galant Style Sonata in g Minor, Hob. XVI: 44 - Empfindsamer Stil
Alteration major and minor keys Choice of fingerings "Black & White" characters
“Dear Haydn, how I love you! But other pianists? They're rather lukewarm towards you. Which is a great shame.” - Sviatoslav Richter