 starter activity Which picture is more useful to historians in telling us about East-West relations just after World War II?

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Presentation transcript:

 starter activity Which picture is more useful to historians in telling us about East-West relations just after World War II?

What was decided at the conferences of Yalta & Potsdam? Yalta, Feb. 1945

 Your task Turn your page so it is landscape and divide it into 2 halves. Write the headings shown below. Turn your page so it is landscape and divide it into 2 halves. Write the headings shown below. Decisions made at Yalta (Feb.1945) Disagreements / tensions at Yalta Decisions made at Potsdam (July- August 1945) Disagreements / tensions at Potsdam

What was agreed at Yalta?

Military support Russia agreed to enter war against Japan following German surrender Russia agreed to enter war against Japan following German surrender In return Russia would receive territory in Manchuria & Sakhalin Island In return Russia would receive territory in Manchuria & Sakhalin Island Why did the US request Soviet help in ending the war in Japan?

Division of Germany Germany temporarily divided into four zones Germany temporarily divided into four zones Berlin divided into four zones Berlin divided into four zones

Eastern Europe 'Declaration of Liberated Europe' (to set up democracies in East Europe). 'Declaration of Liberated Europe' (to set up democracies in East Europe). Set up Polish Government of National Unity Set up Polish Government of National Unity

International organisations Setting up of UNO (to replace League of Nations), to which Russia was invited Setting up of UNO (to replace League of Nations), to which Russia was invited International War Tribunal to put Nazi war criminals on trial International War Tribunal to put Nazi war criminals on trial

What was their disagreement over or tension?

Reparations Stalin wanted Germany to pay USSR reparations Stalin wanted Germany to pay USSR reparations Stalin wanted payments in coal, US wanted coal to rebuild Europe, Russian demands ignored Stalin wanted payments in coal, US wanted coal to rebuild Europe, Russian demands ignored

Poland USSR wanted to extend Polish border too far West for western allies USSR wanted to extend Polish border too far West for western allies Stalin disregarded calls for free elections and arrested non-communists Stalin disregarded calls for free elections and arrested non-communists

Germany USSR forced Germans to sell food & raw materials to Soviet Union USSR forced Germans to sell food & raw materials to Soviet Union Some German factories dismantled & moved to USSR Some German factories dismantled & moved to USSR

 Your task Analyse the sources in your pack and decide what was really going on behind the scenes at Yalta. Complete your notes in a table similar to the one below. Analyse the sources in your pack and decide what was really going on behind the scenes at Yalta. Complete your notes in a table similar to the one below. Evidence for disagreement Evidence for agreement Reasons why the source is reliable or unreliable

 Starter activity Yalta, Feb Potsdam, July-August 1945 Study the 2 pictures, and using your own knowledge, decide what has changed between the times that the two conference photos were taken.

What was agreed at Potsdam?

Poland New boundaries agreed (Oder-Niesse rivers formed border between Germany & Poland) New boundaries agreed (Oder-Niesse rivers formed border between Germany & Poland)

Germany Germany & Berlin divided into separate sectors and zones as agreed at Yalta Demilitarisation Democracy re- established – free press & freedom of speech

International organisations Nazi Party was to be banned in Germany Nazi Party was to be banned in Germany Legal trials at Nuremberg of 21 Nazi leaders for war crimes Legal trials at Nuremberg of 21 Nazi leaders for war crimes Allies agreed to participate fully in UNO Allies agreed to participate fully in UNO

What was their disagreement or tension over?

International relations Stalin denied a naval base in Mediterranean Stalin denied a naval base in Mediterranean

Reparations Stalin demanded more in reparations than US or GB Stalin demanded more in reparations than US or GB US didn’t want to cripple Germany (as in WWI) US didn’t want to cripple Germany (as in WWI) Stalin suspicious about why West wanted to protect Germany & help it recover Stalin suspicious about why West wanted to protect Germany & help it recover

Poland Stalin set up Communist govt. in Poland Stalin set up Communist govt. in Poland GB preferred non-Communist Polish govt. which had lived in London GB preferred non-Communist Polish govt. which had lived in London US & USSR suspicious of Stalin’s intentions in setting up Communist govt. in Lublin US & USSR suspicious of Stalin’s intentions in setting up Communist govt. in Lublin

 Your task Divide into groups of 4. Individually decide whether you represent the press agencies for each of the following countries: USSR USSR USA USA Poland Poland Germany Germany Write a press release describing the outcome of the two conferences bringing in as much of your country’s point of view as possible. Mention what was achieved to the advantage or disadvantage of your country; what was achieved to the advantage or disadvantages of your opponents; what the conferences mean for the future of international relations.