Civilisation des Etats-Unis 8a: African Americans Prof. Sämi LUDWIG.

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Presentation transcript:

Civilisation des Etats-Unis 8a: African Americans Prof. Sämi LUDWIG

Southern economy based on slavery: o Virginia: tobacco o Carolina: rice, indigo o Louisiana: sugar o Lower South: cotton 1797 Eli Whitney: patent for “ cotton gin ”  requires cheap, unskilled labor

Cotton harvest

1850: 32%slaves in South o property: “chattel slavery”   bought, sold; mortgaged, willed   flogging, branding o Auction block: prices depend on cotton  “sold down the river”

- no reading or writing (education) - no legal marriage: “jump the broom” black families broken up - white patriarchy infantilizes blacks - matriarchy, fathers lose authority sexual exploitation - rape, prostitution, breeding slaves, affairs  Thomas Jefferson & Sally Hemings - “one drop of blood”-rule - white fathers vs. white mothers

stereotypes: o black mammy (Aunt Jemima), black nanny o Uncle Tom vs. savage (Nat Turner, slave rebellions) o pickaninnies o field hand (black driver ≠ overseer) vs. o house slave o quadroons, octoroon balls in New Orleans

stereotypes: Gone With the Wind

Eddie Murphy in “The Nutty Professor”

1804 Revolution in Haiti: - first free black republic - Toussaint L’Ouverture 1831 Nat Turner Rebellion