Meaghan Mahana, Gianna Cincotti, Althea Pulido

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 Romanticism " as a term, derives from "romance,"

 Romanticism saw a shift in interests and focused more on the individual, intuition, and imagination.  faith in reason  faith in the senses, feelings, and imagination  interest in urban society  an interest in the rural and natural  public, impersonal poetry  subjective poetry

 Emphasized emotion and spontaneity  Objects contrasted with each other and arranged asymmetrically  Love towards country and nature and one’s national literature

 Nathaniel Hawthorne  Edgar Allan Poe  Mary Shelley

 The Enlightenment movement and Romantic literature are directly linked  the Enlightenment was a movement which started small and slowly spread to make its influence felt throughout society  Romanticism was more widespread both in its origins and influence  No other intellectual/artistic movement has had comparable variety, reach, and staying power since the end of the Middle Ages.

Conditions that influenced American Romanticism:  Frontier promised opportunity for expansion, growth, freedom; Europe lacked this element.  Spirit of optimism invoked by the promise of an uncharted frontier.  Immigration brought new cultures and perspectives  Growth of industry in the north that further polarized the north and the agrarian south.  Search for new spiritual roots.

 Blue Flower: represents inspiration, love, desire, and striving for the unthinkable.

 Booming topic throughout the entire world  New versions of romantic literature was aroused in areas such as Russia, Germany, France & North America  Shares many traits with Gothicism  Ex. themes

A genre of literature in which horror and romance are both incorporated

 Castle settings  secret passages, trap doors, secret rooms, dark or hidden staircases, and possibly ruined sections  may be near or connected to caves, which give off a haunted atmosphere, claustrophobia & mystery  ancient prophecy connected with the castle in which the story takes place and/or its inhabitants  Women in distress or threatened by a powerful, impulsive, tyrannical male.

 mysterious and suspenseful atmosphere  Omens, portents, visions (ex. Scary dreams, foreseeing future)  Supernatural or otherwise unexplainable events

 Branched from Romanticism  “ancestor” of modern horror movies in terms of theme and style.  Strong uses of nature  Weather is often used to describe mood

 The works of Romanticism authors could also be classified as Gothic literature.  Edgar Allan Poe  Nathaniel Hawthorne  Washington Irving

 Embodied an apparition of the joys of extreme emotion, thrills of fearfullness and awe inherent in the sublime and a quest for atmosphere

The French Revolution

 Pentacle (Five Sided Star)  appears in many cultures around the world and is one of the most visible Gothic Symbols  five sides represent the 5 elements as understood by the pagans: Air, Fire, Water, Earth and Spirit.  666:  known across the world as the number of the beast or Satan. Often used by “goths” as a symbol on their clothes or accessories.

 Crosses:  Derived from Germanic culture  Often used by Goths in its inverted form to symbolize death.  The Reaper of Death:  drawn as a hooded figure, the face unseen and wielding scythe in its hand to 'reap' the souls of the dead  Also a commonly used symbol  also known as the Grim Reaper.  More on

 It is generally agreed that Gothicism is related to romanticism; what is not generally agreed upon is what the connections are, but why?  both use many of the same themes (ex. the hero- villain with a secret, and deal with psychological processes)  The 18 th century Gothic writers are often described as precursors to Romanticism because they valued sensibility, exalted the sublime, and appealed to the reader's imagination

Works Cited Brians, Paul. "Romanticism." Romanticism. N.p., 1 Oct Web. 25 Sept "The Gothic." The Gothic. N.p., 24 Oct Web. 25 Sept Harris, Robert. "Elements of the Gothic Novel." Elements of the Gothic Novel. N.p., 22 Nov Web. 25 Sept "I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud." I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud. Essenial Life Skills, n.d. Web. 25 Sept "Romanticism: Definition & Key Themes." Romanticism: Definition & Key Themes. N.p., n.d. Web. 25 Sept Strickland, Brad. "." AMERICAN ROMANTICISM OVERVIEW. N.p., Web. 25 Sept