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Definition : Malicious code refers to a program that is covertly inserted into another program with the intent to Malicious activities. 2

Malicious Activities Include :  Destroy data.  Run destructive or intrusive programs.  Compromise the security or the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the victim’s data, applications, or operating system. 3

Types Of Threats : 1)Viruses  Compiled Viruses  Interpreted viruses2)Worms  Network Service Worms  Mass mailing Worms 3)Trojan Horses 4

Types Of Threats : 4)Malicious Mobile Codes  Mostly Java, ActiveX, JavaScript, and VBScript codes. 5)Blended Attacks  Combination of 1 to 4 6) Attack Tools  Backdoors  Rootkits  Key Loggers  … 5

Types Of Threats : 7) Tracking Cookies 8) Non-malware threats  Hoax  Phishing 6

Step 1 :Preparation 1) Preparation I. Awareness II. Deployment III. Resources 7 2) Prevention I. Education II. Configuration III. Control

Step2: Detection and Analysis  Fast spread of incident so: Rapid Detection is Necessary  Precursors often appear immediately before an incident So: Group must not wait for indications  Most of indications could have causes other than malware 8

Step2: Detection and Analysis Precursors and Reactions:  An alert warns of new malicious code.  Research and Block Ways of Entrance  Antivirus software detects and successfully disinfects or quarantines a newly received infected file  Find Reason And Mitigate Vulnerability 9

Step2: Detection and Analysis Special Indications of Each Malicious Code  Virus  Changes to templates for word processing documents, spreadsheets, etc.  Deleted, corrupted, or inaccessible files  Unusual items on the screen, such as odd messages and graphics 10

Step2: Detection and Analysis Special Indications For Each malicious Code  Worm:  Port scans and failed connection attempts targeted at the vulnerable service  Increased network usage  Trojan:  Network connections between the host and unknown remote systems  Unusual and unexpected ports open 11

Step2: Detection and Analysis Special Indications For Each malicious Code  Malicious Mobile Code  To spread Virus, worm,…  Unexpected dialog boxes, requesting permission to do s.th  Unusual graphics, such as overlapping message boxes  To exploit vulnerabilities  Network connections between the host and unknown remote systems  Receiving Hoax Reports  No links to outside sources 12

Step3: 1)Containment Strategies  All incident Prevention Activities must be done in order to stop spread of virus  Other Activities :  Notification  Isolation  Change Access rules  Identification of infected hosts is not easy 13

Step3: 2)Eradication And Recovery  Some Infected files can not be cleaned  System Restore may be needed  Securing system is the last step 14

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Definition : Multiple Component A Multiple Component incident is a single incident that encompasses two or more incidents. 16

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Step 1&2 : Preparation, Detection, Analysis  Conduct exercises reviews scenarios involving multiple component incidents.  Efficient incident analysis:  centralized logging  correlation software. 18

Step3: Containment, Eradication, Recovery Approach :  Contain the initial incident and then search for signs of other components  Gauss if incident have other components  Unauthorized access incidents are more likely to have multiple components 19

Step3: Containment, Eradication, Recovery Prioritization:  Components must be separately prioritize  Response the most urgent one  Another factor: How current each component is  It may be possible to contain the whole incident by containing just one component 20

 Computer Security Incident Handling Guide National Institute of Standard and Technology (NIST) U.S  A Step-By-Step Approach on How To Set Up a CSIRT European Network and Information Security Agency (ENISA)  Expectations for Computer Security Incident Response RFC3250  Handbook for Computer Security Incident Response Teams Carnegie Mellon University, 2nd Edition: April 2003  Defining Incident Management Processes for CSIRTs: A Work in Progress Chris Alberts, Audrey Dorofee, Georgia Killcrece, Robin Ruefle, Mark Zajicek, October

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