 Loss and damage due to extreme weather and slow onset impacts are significant challenges to Indonesia’s national development  Indonesia’s strong commitment in mitigation contribution

IMPACT Physical Impact (Fire, drought, flood, landslide, etc.) Social Impact (disease, water resource, etc.) Economic Impact (productivity losses, infrastructure damage) IMPACT Physical Impact (Fire, drought, flood, landslide, etc.) Social Impact (disease, water resource, etc.) Economic Impact (productivity losses, infrastructure damage) ADAPTATION MITIGATION ANTHROPOGENIC Worst practices in forestry and agriculture High consumption of fuel energy Un-renewable energy High production of waste and worst practices in waste management ANTHROPOGENIC Worst practices in forestry and agriculture High consumption of fuel energy Un-renewable energy High production of waste and worst practices in waste management STRENGTHEN HUMAN RESOURCES

Mandate: Article 6 International Cooperation in CC Learning (UN CC:Learn) Mandate: Article 6 International Cooperation in CC Learning (UN CC:Learn) UNFCCC Ratification (RAN GRK & RAN API) UNFCCC Ratification (RAN GRK & RAN API) Lack of human resources capacities in different level (individual, institutional and systemic)

Lack of capacities (human resources & skills of green, low emission, and climate resilient development in different levels) Lack of capacities (human resources & skills of green, low emission, and climate resilient development in different levels) Individual Capacity Individual learning & skills development action Individual Capacity Individual learning & skills development action Institutional Capacity Action to strengthen delivery of learning Institutional Capacity Action to strengthen delivery of learning Capacity building of human resources & skills to advance green, low emission, and climate resilient development in different levels) Capacity building of human resources & skills to advance green, low emission, and climate resilient development in different levels) Systemic Capacity Education, training, and awareness system Systemic Capacity Education, training, and awareness system

 Capacity building negotiation under the UNFCCC needs an institutional arrangement (the ineffective Durban Forum)  Developed countries’ reluctance in supporting the capacity building in developing countries (e.g. determination of performance indicators)  There is also an inclination in loss and damage negotiation because of the developed countries’ reluctance in discussing the compensation and rehabilitation elements

 South-South Cooperation is a golden opportunity for developing countries, particularly Indonesia, to build their capacities regarding to climate change and its loss and damage addressing  This form of cooperation could fill the gap in the international negotiation under the UNFCCC, supporting the long-term sustainable development in developing countries and promoting the more constructive regional and global collaboration  Knowledge management in South-South Cooperation as an open tool for lessons and experiences sharing among countries