ITC-ILO/ACTRAV Course A Trade Union Training on Occupational Safety, Health & HIV/AIDS (26/11 – 07/12/2012, Turin) Introduction to National Occupational safety and Health Systems

C187 Promotional Framework for Occupational Safety and Health Convention, 2006 Objective/Purpose To promote continuous improvement of OSH to prevent occupational injuries, diseases and deaths How Development of a National Policy, National System and National Programme based on a Tripartite approach

C187 Promotional Framework for Occupational Safety and Health Convention, 2006 Members take active steps towards:- –Achieving progressively a safe and healthy working environment through:- A national system and National programmes on OSH taking into account the principles set out in instruments of the ILO relevant to the promotional framework for OSH health.

NATIONAL POLICY (Article 3) Each Member shall promote a safe and healthy working environment by formulating a national policy Promote basic principles such as: – assessing occupational risks or hazards; –combating occupational risks or hazards at source; and – developing a national preventative safety and health culture that includes information, consultation and training.

NATIONAL SYTSEM (Article 4) Each Member to:- –Establish, –Maintain, –Progressively develop and –Periodically review a national system for OSH in consultation with the most representative organizations of employers and workers. Include other key stakeholders

NATIONAL SYTSEM National OSH systems are infrastructures in the area of OSH that provide the main framework for the implementation of national OSH programmes. In turn, one of the main aims of national OSH programmes should be to strengthen national OSH systems; National OSH systems can vary from one country to another - they should have many elements in common.

NATIONAL OSH SYSTEM Member shall establish, maintain, progressively develop and periodically review a national system for OSH which includes:- Laws and regulations on OSH, (Is your national OSH legislation aligned to C155 and other ILO OSH instruments?) Collective agreements where appropriate, and (do you include OSH in CBAs) Any other relevant instruments on occupational safety and health;

NATIONAL OSH SYSTEM Member shall establish, maintain, progressively develop and periodically review a national system for OSH which includes:- An authority or body, or authorities or bodies, responsible for OSH by National Law & practice:- –Designated Authority/ies at national level - Government; –Leading Authority to ensure there is a mechanism for coordination and appropriate consultations with representative employers’ and workers’ organizations.

NATIONAL OSH SYSTEM Mechanisms for ensuring compliance with national OSH laws and regulations, (c81 & 129) including an effective systems of:- – Inspection and – Enforcement – OHS services Arrangements to promote, at the level of the undertaking, cooperation between management and workers for workplace level action (OSH committees & management systems);

NATIONAL OSH SYSTEM Provision of a national tripartite consultation mechanism or body;- –Comprising the government’s competent authorities and the most representative organizations of employers and workers:- for consultation, coordination and collaboration on key OSH issues. As appropriate involve other concerned parties such as professional associations for OSH specialists, OSH training providers, manufacturers and designers, industry trade associations and other business groups.

NATIONAL OSH SYSTEM Government Policy and commitment;- –A fundamental basis for national OSH programmes and systems is the national OSH policy and the government’s commitment to implement it. Information and Training:- –basic and specialist OSH information and training (accessible) –National OSH information centre (link to ILO-CIS)

NATIONAL OSH SYSTEM Collection and analysis of data on the national OSH situation:- –Adequate mechanisms for the collection of accident and disease data are necessary so that OSH risks can be prioritized by:- sectors, groups of workers and types of hazard, and to help formulate short-term and long-term objectives.

NATIONAL OSH SYSTEM Collection and analysis of data on the national OSH situation: analysis to include:- –the prevalence of hazardous work, –results of working environment monitoring, –health surveillance of workers and –results of government inspections and investigations –Information on OSH training such as:- numbers of workers, supervisors and specialists trained is also valuable for evaluating OSH capacity at the workplace level

NATIONAL OSH SYSTEM Awareness raising and promotion of safety and health culture:- –Level of safety & health awareness among employers and workers is a critical factor in securing safe and healthy workplaces; Challenge –How can we reach the agricultural and informal economy? Campaigns:- World Day for Safety and Health at Work (28 April)

NATIONAL OSH SYSTEM OSH research institutions:- –to work on technical and scientific topics in order to improve the understanding of particular risks and how they may be effectively prevented and controlled; –In addition to state funded centers include universities and technical colleges; Such centers can join international networks and groups to sharing their work and results mutually

NATIONAL OSH SYSTEM Links with worker injury insurance schemes and institutions:- –Insurance schemes for occupational accidents and diseases need to be properly developed to cover all workers, ensuring the protection of workers suffering from occupational injuries and diseases. Consideration could be given to insurance schemes financing prevention programmes (why?)

NATIONAL OSH PROGRAMME To strengthen the National OSH system Required by law in some countries, for example:- –China and Japan, as a government commitment to a strategic approach

National OSH Programme A key element of making a management systems approach operational at national level Programme is a strategic tool with predetermined time frame Focuses on specific national priorities based on the OSH profile

National OSH Profile OSH profile an essential step in the process of building a good National OSH Programme Summary of current OSH situation (accident data …) Summary of OSH system status Tool for developing national OSH programme – against identified priorities Benchmark for progress review of national OSH systems/ performance

Defining Gaps Align Current Situation on the ground Desired Future state Gaps Obstacles

National OSH Programme Programme should be developed and implemented in consultation the Social Partners and other key stakeholders and endorsed by high Government authority; Programme should have clear:- – Objectives – Targets – Indicators

OSH Indicators Social – economic structure - demography - industries - technologies Working Conditions Health Outcomes OSH Policy and Infrastructure exposure

TYPES OF INDICATORS Exposure indicators – refer to working conditions and are the major determinants of OSH Effect Indicators – describe accidents and diseases outcomes Prerequisite Indicators – describe OSH Policy and infrastructure > quality of legislation, coverage, inspection system etc

Indicators Have few agreed, simple and good indicators Select those relevant to the results being monitored and can be tracked Agree on the sources of information –National statistics –Surveys –Administrative records

Indicators Signposts of change along the path of development- they help:- –To show presence of something –To measure progress and usage –To ensure accountability and –Can be:- –qualitative – Yes/No –quantitative – 5 OSH graduates trained annually’ –accidents reduced by 20% by--date

National Profile, selected indicators

National OSH Programme Overall they should strengthen the national system and build and maintain a national preventative safety and health culture; ILO OSH instruments and tools provide guidance on the development and implementation of OSH programmes

National OSH Programme A national OSH Programme should include a number of steps including:- –National tripartite agreement to establish the national programme; –Establishment of a coordination mechanism for the elaboration of the programme; –Preparation of a national OSH profile

National OSH Programme –Analysis and identification of gaps/strong and weak points in the national system based on the profile; –Identification of priority areas for action to improve the national system; –Development of action plans including indicators and time-bound targets,

National OSH programmes Reflect on the National OSH policy Strategic Time-bound Programmes: 3- 5 years Focus on National priorities based on a situational analysis including strong and weak points in the OSH system – National OSH Profiles Programme developed with full tripartite consultation and endorsed by high government authorities Be reviewed periodically

National OSH Programme –Launch of the national programme with endorsements from the key stakeholders –Establishment of sustainable mechanisms for :- Review Up-dating of data and Continual improvements in effectiveness –Eventual designation of new priorities for a new programme based on an up-dated profile

Decent Work-Safe Work – OSH Programmes OSH Programme – DWCP-National Development programme OSH Programme National Development Plan

Strategic Approach on Occupational Safety and Health