INTRODUCTION. The annual incidence of liver transplant outcomes in South America has been unknown. So far direct correlations have been reported between some complications and mortality. It is important that not only anaesthesia but also Intensivist have epidemiological information about liver transplant to be able to identify and treat these patients, and be capable to detect risk factors related to mortality; such as early airway complications, infections, ICU long stay, pulmonary complications, etc. Our objective was to analyse the epidemiological, clinical characteristics and outcomes in the first seventy six liver transplant from a South America country CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY AND OUTCOMES OF LIVER TRANSPLANT FROM SOUTH AMERICA. CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY AND OUTCOMES OF LIVER TRANSPLANT FROM SOUTH AMERICA. Erick Valencia. MD. EDIC. Piedad Echeverry. Mario Gutiérrez. St Vincent Hospital CICRET (Colombian Intensive Care Research Team). MICU. St Vincent Hospital, Medellín, Colombia, South America. METHODS. We performed a observational research study from April 2000 to December Seventy-six patients admitted to a transplant intensive care unit were included. The anaesthetic technique was guide by a protocol designed for liver transplantation anaesthesiologist group. Invasive monitoring was standardized with a pulmonary artery catheter and femoral arterial line. Statistical analysis: A descriptive analysis was performed, data are presented as mean + SD. The statistical analysis was carried out with the SPSS 9 package, and included Chi2 and ANOVA tests. p < 0,05 was considered significant. RESULTS. We present an analysis of seventy-six patients of liver transplantation with a mean age 45 y. 47% female (36 patients). 5 transplants were made in children, with a mean age 3 y. (range 2 –4 y). The main indication for liver transplantation was alcoholic cirrhosis, viral hepatitis (B/C), cryptogenic cirrhosis, and autoimmune liver disease. Mortality: 27% (21 patients). Causes of death were MOF 43%, acute liver dysfunction 19%, Hypovolemic shock 14%, acute vascular thrombosis 9,5%, liver rejection 1 case, and two deaths due to severe reperfusion syndrome and cardiac failure secondary to pulmonary hypertension. Postoperative renal failure frequency was 35,5% (27 patients), 13 of this patients (48%) died with an odds ratio of 4,76 (CI: 1,45-16,05) and a p = 0,0069. The greatest rise of serum creatinine (> 2 mg%) was at first postoperative day and statistic difference between serum creatinine of patients who died compared with patients who survived, at postoperative days 1,2,3 and 4 (p < 0,05). CONCLUSION. In our region, outcomes are agreed with others reported at medical literature where postoperative renal failure is one of the most important complications that increases mortality in patients with liver transplantation. We have shown that patients undergoing liver transplantation who developed postoperative renal failure had greater mortality and five times more risk for dying than patients who did not developed this complication REFERENCES. 1) Transplantation 1997;630: ) Revista Col Anest. 2003; 31: Cicret. 0.5 days BeforeAfter 123 Died Creatinine (mg%) 4 Survived ** * * * * * * *P=0.0001