+ Enzymes the basics  Enzymes Biological Catalyst Chemical reaction Gr C: Explain the function of an enzymes. Gr B: Model the lock and key model. Gr A: Discuss how humans manipulate enzymes. +  Key Words Biological Catalyst Chemical reaction Enzyme Anabolic Catabolic Activators Inhibitors Denature Optimum Substrate Active site Starter What can you remember about enzymes from year 9? Draw a thinking bubble and write any notes you can remember around it, Enzymes

CATALYST ENZYME CHEMICAL REACTION Key Word Breakdown An _______ is a biological catalyst. Meaning that it is a catalyst used in living organisms to speed up chemical reactions. CATALYST CHEMICAL REACTION A ________ is a substance that increase the rate of chemical reactions without being used up. The process of rearrangement of two or more molecules to form new substances. ENZYME

More about chemical reactions Adding molecules together Anabolic Chemical Reactions An anabolic chemical reaction is a reaction that builds up large molecules from smaller ones. (This usually requires the input of energy- Photosynthesis) Cutting molecules up Catabolic Chemical Reactions A catabolic chemical reaction is a reaction that breaks down larger molecules

Which is the Anabolic reaction? Catabolic A Catabolic Small molecules are being built up to make larger ones. Anabolic B Catabolic Large molecules are being broken down to make smaller ones.

Building blocks of Knowledge! Enzymes Building blocks of Knowledge! Enzymes are biological catalysts. The are used to speed up chemical reactions within the body and for breaking down food within the body. Enzymes are formed from proteins, which are made of amino-acids. There are a range of different enzymes and each one fits a specific substrate. catalase amylase pepsin trypsin

Phosphorylase builds up …. Learning Activity Complete the sentences by matching up the enzymes with their substrate and product produced. (Additional, identify whether it’s a anabolic or catabolic reaction.) Enzymes Substrate Catalase breaks down…. starch into maltose. hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen. Phosphorylase builds up …. Lipase breaks down …. starch from glucose molecules. Amylase breaks down…. Fats into fatty acid and glycerol.

catalase amylase pepsin trypsin Learning Checker What is an enzymes? (2 marks) Give examples of two enzymes. (2 marks) What is a substrate? (1 mark) An anabolic reaction is when molecules join together/break apart to form new molecules? (1 mark) An enzyme is a biological catalyst made of proteins, they are produced in living organisms and are used to speed up chemical reaction by breaking down substrates. catalase amylase pepsin trypsin A substrate is a molecule that reacts with an enzyme to form a new molecule(s). Join together

+ Enzymes the basics  Enzymes Biological Catalyst Chemical reaction Gr C: Explain the function of an enzymes. Gr B: Model the lock and key model. Gr A: Discuss how humans manipulate enzymes. +  Key Words Biological Catalyst Chemical reaction Enzyme Anabolic Catabolic Activators Inhibitors Denature Optimum Substrate Active site Starter What can you remember about enzymes from year 9? Draw a thinking bubble and write any notes you can remember around it, Enzymes

Substrate and enzyme fitting together like a “lock and key” Enzymes (Lock and key model) Substrate and enzyme fitting together like a “lock and key” Active site +  Enzyme Substrate We use the “Lock and Key” model to demonstrate how enzymes and substrates fit together. Each enzymes fits specifically to a certain substrate. For example Lipase fits together with lipids to break them down

How Enzymes Work ! No writing, just watch! Substrate Active site

How Enzymes Work ! No writing, just watch! Product Product The Enzyme and the substrate then react together and the substrate is broken up, producing the products. The Enzyme is unchanged in this chemical reaction and can now be used to breakdown another substrate. The enzyme and substrate collide with one another and the substrate locks into the active site.

Get your partner to check you work afterwards. Learning Activity Create your own step by step diagram, showing how an enzyme reacts with a substrate to make a set of new molecules. You may want to use page 32 in your books to help you. Key Words Enzyme, substrate, collide, active site, un changed, product. Get your partner to check you work afterwards. There should be a minimum of 3 stages. The stages should be in the correct order with an explanation with each illustration.

+ Enzymes the basics  Enzymes Biological Catalyst Chemical reaction Gr C: Explain the function of an enzymes. Gr B: Model the lock and key model. Gr A: Discuss how humans manipulate enzymes. +  Key Words Biological Catalyst Chemical reaction Enzyme Anabolic Catabolic Activators Inhibitors Denature Optimum Substrate Active site Starter What can you remember about enzymes from year 9? Draw a thinking bubble and write any notes you can remember around it, Enzymes

Enzymes in my detergent? Enzymes are added to washing powder to help clean clothes, but how do they work? I thought enzymes came from living organisms? Where do the enzymes come from? Discuss with your partner, and make a prediction, as to how enzyme help clean your clothes.

Discuss with your partner how enzymes help to clean your cloths. Enzymes in detergent Discuss with your partner how enzymes help to clean your cloths. (2 mins) Detergent enzymes, made by bacteria in factory production vats, react with and break up stains that are made of proteins. Such stains include blood, meat gravy, milk, eggs, and grass. Enzymes break down these substances into simpler forms that can be removed by other components in the detergent. So in short, enzymes make the larger stain molecules smaller so that they can be removed by other chemicals in the detergent.

+ Enzymes the basics  Enzymes Biological Catalyst Chemical reaction Gr C: Explain the function of an enzymes. Gr B: Model the lock and key model. Gr A: Discuss how humans manipulate enzymes. +  Key Words Biological Catalyst Chemical reaction Enzyme Anabolic Catabolic Activators Inhibitors Denature Optimum Substrate Active site Starter What can you remember about enzymes from year 9? Draw a thinking bubble and write any notes you can remember around it, Enzymes

Research into the following question: A* Home learning Research into the following question: Enzymes are only produced by living organisms, so where do the enzymes for our washing powder come from? Due date:

Plenary Key Word BINGO! Key Words Biological Catalyst Chemical reaction Enzyme Anabolic Catabolic Activators Inhibitors Denature Optimum Substrate Active site Draw a grid like the box above and write one key word in each box. The teacher will the read out the definition for each keyword. If your key word definition is read out; cross it off. The first student to get all of their words crossed out will win a prize.