UNIT 5 WEEK 3 11/17-11/21/14

HW for the week Unit 5 test on Friday, 11/21 Checklist due on Friday, 11/21 Muckraker’s project due Mon, 11/24

Agenda, Monday, 11/17/14 HOT ROC – Notes from Friday’s lesson Civil Liberties at home during the war Table Debates HW: Work on muckraker’s project, study for the unit test on Friday

Selective Service Act America “mobilization” on the homefront: Selective Service Act This is the draft and it helps the US win the war by quickly mobilizing or creating an army (we didn’t have a standing army at the time). 24,000,000 men registered for the draft by the end of ,800,000 men served in WW1 (2,000,000 saw active combat). 400,000 African-Americans served in segregated units. 15,000 Native-Americans served as scouts, messengers, and snipers in non-segregated units.

WWI and Big Government Our involvement in WWI expands the size and power of the federal government by setting up agencies to help us run the war: War Industries Board US Food Administration National War Labor Board

Opportunities for African-Americans in WW1 “Great Migration” Movement of Af- Ams from the South to the North and West between – 1919  70,000 move north Work in factories making war supplies. Enlist in the military but serve in segregated units.

Fear leads to attacks on our founding ideals Attacks by Germany on a weapons warehouse in New Jersey and fear of spies within the US, created fear among Americans. This fear lead makes the threat of spies and attacks on our own soil seem more real. To feel safe people are willing to give up some of their civil liberties. Look up civil liberties in the glossary.

Government Excess & Threats to the Civil Liberties of Americans Espionage Act 1. Espionage Act – forbade actions that obstructed recruitment or efforts to promote insubordination in the military. - ordered the Postmaster General to remove Leftist materials from the mail. - fines of up to $10,000 and/or up to 20 years in prison.

Government Excess & Threats to the Civil Liberties of Americans Sedition Act 2. Sedition Act – it was a crime to speak against the purchase of war bonds or willfully utter, print, write or publish any disloyal, profane, scurrilous, or abusive language about this form of US Govt., the US Constitution, or the US armed forces or to willfully urge, incite, or advocate any curtailment of production of things necessary or essential to the prosecution of the war…with intent of such curtailment to cripple or hinder, the US in the prosecution of the war.

Government Excess & Threats to the Civil Liberties of Americans Schenck v. US Schenck v. US –1919 in ordinary times the mailing of leaflets would have been protected by the 1 st Amendment. BUT, every act of speech must be judged acc. to the circumstances in which it was spoken. If an act of speech posed a clear and present danger, then Congress had the power to restrain such speech.

Table Debates In groups of 5 you will debate each of the following civil liberties topics that came up during World War I. Each of you will have a chance to be the facilitator. The facilitator assigns the 2 sides. Have each side read the assigned section first to gather evidence for their arguments. Each side then makes their arguments and the facilitator moderates and chooses a winning side at the end.

Civil Liberties vs. Security Debates The post office can search mail to find evidence for spying or terrorism during times of war or to help save lives in an emergency. Pro side: Defend the search. Use p.305, 3 rd paragraph and caption to help prepare your argument Con side: Argue against the search. Use p. 310, The Gov’t Cracks Down on Dissent to help prepare your argument Even during wartime or other emergencies, our Constitution protects our right to criticize our government or the war we’re fighting. Pro side: Defend our freedom of speech. Use p. p. 310, The Gov’t Cracks Down on Dissent to help prepare your argument Con side: Argue against free speech during times of war. Use p.305, The Gov’t uses Propaganda to “Sell” the War to help prepare your argument Since it was a law that men must sign up for the draft during WW I, someone who convinces other people not to sign up is breaking the law and should be arrested. Pro side: Argue for arresting people who try to convince others to break the law by using information from p.311 Con side: Argue against arresting people who protest a law by using information from p.311

Civil Liberties vs. Security Debates Speech that endangers other people, like yelling “fire” in a crowded room, (for no reason) is not protected by our 1 st Amendment. Pro side: Defend the government’s right to restrict free speech if it’s dangerious by using information from p. 311, last paragraph Con side: Defend a person’s right to speech even if it’s dangerous by using information from p.311, last paragraph Actions and gestures that convey a meaning are considered “symbolic speech” by the Supreme Court. Should all symbolic speech be considered free speech or are some gestures too offensive to be freely allowed? Pro side: Defend people’s right to freedom of expression Use information on p. 312, Flag Burning Con side: Argue against destroying symbols of our country Use information on p. 312, last 3 lines and p.313

War’s End January 1918 over 30 countries meet at Versailles to decide peace terms “The Big Four” United States France Britain Italy “Big Four” negotiate Treaty of Versailles

Agenda, Tuesday, 11/18/14 HOT ROC Treaty of Versailles and Wilson’s 14 Pts. League of Nations Hand out checklists HW: Test on Friday, Muckraking project due on Mon, 11/24

HOT ROC To what extent did US foreign policy honor the founding ideals? How did it change the role of the president? Do your best to answer this question as a thesis statement with 3 sub-claims.

War’s End What Wilson wants Comes up with Fourteen Points to protect “every peace-loving nation” Freedom of the Seas Reduce armaments Self-Determination: territories and colonies get to be their own countries “Peace without Victory”: no blame for the war League of Nations: an international organization to keep peace What Wilson gets The final terms of the Treaty of Versailles Freedom of the Seas ignored Reduce armaments ignored Self-Determination: some eastern European countries, but most territories divided among victorious powers War Guilt: Germany is to blame for everything League of Nations: YES! Wilson conceded on everything to get this

What Really Happens… Reservationists and Irreconcilables are against the Treaty Internationalists are for it Congress rejects the League of Nations and the Treaty of Versailles

Approving the Treaty of Versailles 1. Source: Who is giving this speech? Is he for or against the League of Nations? 2. How would you describe the TONE of the speech? What are some of the words the author uses to convince you? 3. What is this person’s strongest argument FOR or AGAINST the League of Nations?

FORCED CHOICE! Do we JOIN or do we NOT JOIN? You MUST choose!

The United Nations