Kick-Off What does your nervous system do? Word Search.

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Presentation transcript:

Kick-Off What does your nervous system do? Word Search

Game Plan 1. Nervous System Notes 2. Right Brain vs Left Brain self-test 3. Parts of the Brain 4. Problems of the nervous system

The Nervous System

How does the nervous system work? The nervous system coordinates all of the activities in the body.

2 Main Divisions CNS or Central Nervous System: BRAIN and SPINAL CORD (THINK MOVEMENT, THINKING, ACTIONS) Peripheral Nervous System: gathers information from inside and outside the body. (THINK FEELING AIR, BALANCE, COLD/HOT) The CNS receives messages from the nerves in the PNS, interprets them, and sends out a response…

A NEURON or nerve cell Transmits messages to and from the spinal cord and brain. A NERVE is millions of neurons together..

Parts of a Neuron 1. Synapse: sends electrical impulses to neighboring neurons. Where the messages are sent. 2. Myelin Sheaths: Cover the axon and work like insulation to help keep electrical signals inside the cell, which allows them to move more quickly. Insulation and protection 3. Axon: Transfers electrical impulse signals from the cell body to the synapse. Where the messages go through, like a telephone wire

Parts of a Neuron 4. Soma: The cell body which contains most of the cell’s organelles. The BLOB of the cell… 5. Nucleus: Contains the cell’s DNA. The brain of the cell 6. Dendrites: Receives electrical impulses from neighboring neurons. The fingers… receive messages

How messages are sent through a neuron… HUMAN NEURON CHAIN ACTIVITY… Link hands… think of your fingers as dendrites, palm as cell body, arm as axon and myelin sheath! End person is the message… squeeze the next hand once yours is squeezed to send the message… Round 1= 1 squeeze Round 2= Lead Neuron decide how many squeezes… see if it is the same at the end!

The Brain Did you know: the averages adult human brain weighs up to 3 pounds and is protected by the skull. The brain depends on oxygen to survive, it can only last 4-5 minutes without oxygen.

Right Brain VS Left Brain

Right Brain or Left Brain Self-Test… 1. Read the background information on the front page 2. ON THE BACK… Every time you read a description or characteristic that applies to you, circle its number. There is no certain number of characteristics you must choose.

Using the KEY on the next slide Next to every number on your paper, write whether it was a L or an R. Count up the number of L's and R's. Whichever number is higher represents your dominance. If the numbers are close, that means you use both sides of your brain equally.

KEY… For all YOUR circled #’s write the letter beside it that correlates with the KEY.

Each part of the brain is responsible for a different action or thought.

3 Sections of the Brain Cerebrum Cerebellum Brain Stem

Cerebrum… or the squiggles… Cerebrum… or the squiggles…. Is the largest and most complex part of the brain.

Cerebrum is made up of 4 lobes of the brain

Cerebrum The frontal lobe: controls voluntary movements and has a role in the use of language. The parietal lobe: is involved with sensory information, including feelings of heat, cold, pain, touch, and body position in space and judgment.

Cerebrum Occipital Lobe: controls the sense of light. Temporal lobe: contains the sense of hearing and smell, as well as memory, thought and judgment.

Cerebellum Is the second largest part of the brain. It coordinates the movement of the skeletal muscles. Being able to carry out a complex series of muscle movements, such as serving a volleyball or playing the guitar is possible by the cerebellum.

Brain Stem 3 inch long stalk of nerve cells and fibers that connects the spinal cord to the rest of the brain. The medulla oblongata: The pons: The midbrain: The thalamus: The hypothalamus:

Brain Stem The medulla oblongata: regulates heartbeat, respitory rate, and reflexes such as coughing and sneezing. The pons: helps regulate breathing and controls the muscles of the eyes and face. The midbrain: controls eyeball movement, pupil size, and the reflexive response of turning your head.

Brain Stem The thalamus: relays incoming sensory impulses from the eyes, the ears, and from pressure receptors in the skin. The hypothalamus: regulates body temperature, appetite, sleep, and controls secretions from the pituitary gland, affecting metabolism, sexual development, and emotions.

THE Peripheral Nervous System The PNS carries messages between the CNS and part of the body, signaling internal and external changes. 2 Parts of the PNS: Autonomic: involuntary functions (digestion and heart rate) Somatic: voluntary functions that are under your control (skeletal muscles)

Problems of the Nervous System Headaches Head injuries Spinal Injuries Meningitis: Inflammation of the spinal and cranial meninges caused by bacteria or viral infections

Nervous System Diseases… Epilepsy: recurrent seizures. Sudden episodes of uncontrolled electrical activity in the brain. Causes include brain damages at birth, infections, head injury or exposure to seizures. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1nyY5JE6Ucs

Nervous System Diseases… Cerebral palsy: damage to the brain before, during, or just after birth or in early childhood. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hBlikQE-NZc (little girl living with CP) http://espn.go.com/video/clip?id=10233231 (AJ McCarron: Alabama Quarterback)

Nervous System Diseases… Multiple Sclerosis: a degenerative disease in which the myelin sheath of neurons are progressively destroyed. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hfD9s1_TN0s&feature=related (18 year old girl with severe onset MS) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cy004eeHTLw&feature=related (A mom… from the National MS Society)