 WHAT WERE THE MOTIVATIONS?  WHAT WERE THE EARLY HISTORIES AND LIFE OF PLYMOUTH AND MASSACHUSETTS BAY ? SETTLING THE NORTHERN COLONIES

MOTIVATIONS RELIGIOUS RELIGIOUS FREEDOM FOR DISSENTERS

EARLY 1500’S MARTIN LUTHER BEGAN THE PROTESTANT REFORMATION WHY? A “PROTESTANT”- ANYONE WHO EVENTUALLY THERE WERE MANY “TYPES” OF PROTESTANTS

Two types of Protestant groups Settled in what today is Massachusetts Puritans- established Massachusetts Bay Colony Pilgrims- established Plymouth Colony

THE PURITANS THE PURITANS – wanted to “purify” the Church of England Believed in Predestination/ GOD ALREADY KNOWS WHO WILL BE SAVED SAVED= “ SAINTS” SINNERS= SIGNS OF SALVATION/SAINTS? HARD WORK, WEALTH, SUCCESS SINNERS- LAZY, WEAK, “WICKED” A branch of Calvinism ( John Calvin)

THE SEPARATISTS AKA – PILGRIMS- wanted to separate themselves from the Church of England LEFT ENGLAND WENT TO HOLLAND- KIDS STARTED SPEAKING DUTCH WANTED A PLACE TO PRACTICE RELIGION FREELY

SEPARATISTS SAILED FOR 65 DAYS LESS THAN ½ OF TRAVELLERS WERE SEPARATISTS “LANDED” OFF ON NORTHERN CAPE COD TOO SANDY STOLE INDIAN SUPPLIES

Plymouth Plantation

Why are the PILGRIMS important? Mayflower Compact Written and signed before leaving ship Why important? An agreement to form a government with majority rule/MEN ONLY Led to adult males meeting in an assembly to write laws

William Bradford-?? Governor of Plymouth Elected 30 times – probably most responsible for success and survival of Plymouth Colony Plymouth Colony eventually was absorbed by the more prosperous Massachusetts Bay Colony

CAPTAIN MYLES STANDISH HELPED TO ORGANIZE SETTLERS INDIAN FIGHTER

MANY SEPARATISTS DIED BUT… 1621 GREAT HARVEST FIRST THANKSGIVING

About 10 million people in USA today can trace their ancestry to the settlers of Plymouth. Can you?

Massachusetts Bay When? 1630 Established the town/city of Boston Who? Puritans- about 1,000 … MANY MORE LATER Wealthier, better educated Governor- John Winthrop “ we shall build a city on a hill”- elected 19 times

MASSACHUSETTS BAY “BIBLE” colony- religious leader had great power Right to vote given only to “freemen” – members of the Puritan church Government was not a democracy BUT- an important idea from Puritans=

Puritans- believed that world- two types of people- Saints and Sinners God already has determined who will be a Saint or a Sinner Clues?? Hard work and success= Saint Lazy, unsuccessful= Sinner The Protestant work ethic

RESULT OF PURITAN WORK ETHIC?

Massachusetts Bay Religious toleration – shaky Quakers were punished Anne Hutchinson- strong willed – pushed idea of Predestination – “ truly saved need not to obey the law of God or man” Expelled from colony Her religious debate scared the Religious leaders ( men)

Roger Williams Minister Wanted a break with the Church of England Challenged the Mass Bay’s charter +++ believed Indians should be compensated for their land +++ denied the authority of the govt. to regulate religious behavior

Roger was in BIG TROUBLE… Roger Williams- fled to area south of Mass Bay Established Rhode Island- made up of squatters - Total religious freedom - No taxes to support church - No mandatory church attendance “ Mass Bay- called RI ‘that sewer’”

CONNECTICUT 1635 REV. THOMAS HOOKER LED GROUP OF PURITANS WEST TO CONNECTICUT ***** 1639 ***** FUNDAMENTAL ORDERS OF CONNECTICUT

IMPORTANT BECAUSE IT WAS THE FIRST WRITTEN CONSTITUTION IN THE WESTERN TRADITION “FOUNDATION OF SOCIETY IS BASED ON THE FREE CONSENT OF THE PEOPLE” HOOKER FRAMEWORK FOR OUR CONSTITUTION

TOUGH TIMES FOR ALL KING PHILIP’S WAR WHO? RESULTS: A) SLOWED B) LASTING C)**** EXPERIENCE OF THE NEW ENGLAND CONFEDERATION

New England Confederation Purpose Most important ***** -had elected

ENGLISH TREATMENT OF NE CIVIL WAR IN ENGLAND CAUSED KING CHARLES II TRIED TO BUT- MASSACHUSETTS BAY

MASSACHUSETTS BAY WAS “ PUNISHED” A) ALLOWED CONNETICUT TO HAVE A B) RHODE ISLAND GIVEN A C) MASS BAY HAD ITS CHARTER REVOKED

TO MAKE MATTERS WORSE FOR MASS 1686 ENGLAND CREATES THE DOMINION OF NEW ENGLAND PURPOSE A)STRENGTHEN B)ENFORCE PERSON IN CHARGE ?? SIR EDMUND ANDROS

PEOPLE OF MASS BAY REACTION TO DOMINION OF NE ANGRY WHY? A) DOMINION AFFILIATED WITH CHURCH OF B) CURBED THEIR RIGHTS… … RESTRICTIONS ON PRESS, SCHOOLS AND COURTS AND TAXED PEOPLE WITHOUT CONSENT

TROUBLE