Community Interactions

Community All the living organisms in an area at a certain time All the living organisms in an area at a certain time

Niche All physical and biological conditions that an organism lives in and how they use those conditions. Involves: All physical and biological conditions that an organism lives in and how they use those conditions. Involves: Place in the food web Place in the food web Temperature range that the organism needs to survive Temperature range that the organism needs to survive Type of food it eats Type of food it eats How it gets the food How it gets the food Physical conditions needed for survival Physical conditions needed for survival When and how it reproduces When and how it reproduces

Niche No two species can occupy the same niche No two species can occupy the same niche

Types of Interactions Competition: The fight over resources Competition: The fight over resources Predation: One organism capturing and feeding on another organism Predation: One organism capturing and feeding on another organism Symbiosis: Relationship where two species live closely together Symbiosis: Relationship where two species live closely together onk-seal-ani onk-seal-ani onk-seal-ani onk-seal-ani

Types of Symbiosis Mutualism Both species benefit from the relationship Both species benefit from the relationship Ex. Flowers depend on insects to pollinate them Ex. Flowers depend on insects to pollinate them

Clownfish and sea anemone protect each other from predators

Crab defends coral from Crown- of-thorns sea star attack

Types of Symbiosis Commensalism One member benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed One member benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed Ex. Barnacles attached to a whale’s skin. The barnacles don’t harm or help the whale, they benefit from the movement of water that brings them food Ex. Barnacles attached to a whale’s skin. The barnacles don’t harm or help the whale, they benefit from the movement of water that brings them food

Titan Triggerfish move large rocks, opening up food resources for small fish

Egrets ride on the backs of cattle and eat insects that are stirred up

Types of Symbiosis Parasitism One organism lives on or inside another organism and harms it. The parasite gets its food from the other organism. One organism lives on or inside another organism and harms it. The parasite gets its food from the other organism. Ex. Tapeworms and ticks Ex. Tapeworms and ticks

Head lice on human hair feeds on blood from scalp

Mistletoe grows on branches of trees and taps into the tree’s water and food supply

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