11/18 Focus: 11/18 Focus: – Greek thinkers tried to use observation and reason to understand why things happened. – Philosopher meant “lover of wisdom” in ancient Greece Do Now: Do Now: – Who led Athens during it’s golden age?

Philosophy Philosophers tried to use observation and reason to understand why things happened Major Greek Philosophers ( BC) – Socrates – Plato – Aristotle

Socrates Most of what we know about Socrates comes from the writing of his student, Plato. Sought truths about broad concepts such as truth, justice, and virtue Developed Socratic method – Learning about beliefs and ideas by asking questions What is Truth?

Socrates Sentenced to death by government – Charged with disrespecting religion and corrupting children – Influential people were afraid he was angering the gods – Drank cup of poisonous hemlock tea

Plato Student of Socrates Founded the Academy – A school where philosophers could teach their students Wrote the Republic – Did not support Athenian democracy – Divided society into 3 classes Workers, soldiers, philosophers – Thought philosophers were best suited to govern other people

Aristotle Student of Plato and teacher of Alexander the Great Started the Lyceum School Use of reason and logic to understand the natural world – Reason Clear and observed thinking – Logic The process of making inferences This approach became the basis for the scientific method Believed one strong and good leader should rule people

Art Greeks believed in beauty, balance, and order in the universe Greek paintings and statues were life like but portray the human body in its perfect form.

Idealism and Realism Idealism- making things look better than they really do Realism- Making things look as real as possible

Architecture Constructed large temples, such as the Parthenon Greek column styles still influence modern day builders DoricCorinthian Ionic

As always, Architecture showed wealth and power to the rest of the world

The amphitheater was used in Greece, and the engineers would measure everything perfectly to have the sound echo. Everyone in the building could hear the plays

Parthenon was built in 447 and lasted till 1667 in great shape, but was then blown up by accident

Literature and Drama Homer – Wrote long epic poems – Odyssey and Iliad Plays – First plays developed as part of religious festivals – Tragedies Serious dramas about human conflicts – Comedies often were satires or works that poked fun at Greek society

Historians Tried to record an unbiased record of history Herodotus – Called the father of history – Wrote the Histories

Science and Math Pythagoras: – Pythagorean Theorem (a² + b²= c²) Archimedes: – created geometry and calculus Hippocrates – Father of western medicine

Closure Name one Greek philosopher and explain what you learned about him.

Closure List the three most influential Greek philosophers Who wrote the Odyssey and the Iliad ? Identify one contribution that ancient Greeks made in the area of math, science, or medicine.

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