Extended Producer Responsibility in the Electrical and Electronic Sector in EU Countries Jaromír MANHART December 2009 Turkey, Ankara Relationship between collection systems and municipalities - experience in the Czech Republic

Population 74,816,000 (estimation 2009) Area km 2 Regions 7 regions 81 provinces Ankara 4,751,360 inhabitants TURKEY Population (September 2008) Area km 2 Regions 13 regions Prague inhabitants CZECH

EEE Electrical and Electronic Equipment - any EEE on the list of categories 1 – 10 with those 7 exemption (state defence) - EEE that need voltage up to 1000 V alternating current (AC) or up to 1500 V direct current (DC) - any Equipment having a two-pin plug, or battery hole (need the source for their basic - any complete EEE that became waste or is not for use anymore

EEE - Producers´ responsibility I Provide separate collection, taking-back, treatment, recovery and disposal of household WEEE - independently, on his own (INDIVIDUAL) - together with some other producer or producers based on the agreement (SOLIDARY) - by assigning duties to some other legal person (COLLECTIVE SYSTEM)

EEE - Producers´ responsibility II 1.Label EEE placed on the market after Graphically labelled EEE that must be taken-back 3.Inform consumers on the special places of the take-back system and where the „old/historical“ EEE can be left 4.Inform consumers about the take-back system and EEE hazardous content and components 5.Produce EEE in the way of easy dismantling and of possible reuse again

EEE Producers´ responsibility III 6. Limit the content of Pb, Hg, Cd, Cr (VI), PBB and PBDE (LCD) 7. Join the financing system of „old/historical“ WEEE placed on the market before Inform and report to the Operator of a facility for WEEE dismantling on necessary information regarding dismantling procedure, difficulties and hazardous substances in the EEE

Czech WEEE Overview I Key target: collection of separated WEEE from households to 4 kg/capita/year by 31 December 2008 FULFILLED!!!!! 3 collective systems reported tonnes WEEE = 3,4 kg/capita/year 3 other collective systems reported preliminary = 0,9 kg/capita/year

Czech WEEE Overview II The collection take-back network by II/2009: 6257 villages and towns ČR 6911 locations collective places 4143 mobile collections 400 collection yards for citizens of towns and villages to leave their WEEE there free of charge - new shops of new EEE, EEE- services and EEE-service providers

FLUORESCENT TUBES WITH MERCURY ? TAKE-BACK system WASTE system system end-of-life

Main EEE Management Steps 1. EEE Collection, Purchase of Equipment 2. Transport of Equipment 3. Storage of Equipment 4. Sorting/Dismantling/Separation 5. Recycling Process a) secondary raw materials b) wastes 6. Transporta) secondary raw materials b) wastes 7. Reuse of secondary raw materials 8. Final Disposal of Wastes

European Waste List Classification 20 Municipal wastes (household waste and similar commercial, industrial and institutional wastes) including separately collected fractions separately collected fractions (except 15 01) * fluorescent tubes and other mercury containing waste

FOLLOWING DATA SOURCE - VÚV/CeHO PRAHA T. G. Masaryk Water Research Institute, Public Research Institution, Established by the Ministry of the Environment of the Czech Republic WM U = usual WASTE MANAGEMENT in

USUAL “ *“ RECOVERY and DISPOSAL R4 Recycling/recovery of metals/its compounds R12 Preliminary treatment of waste for any of the operations numbered R1 to R 11 D9 Physico-chemical treatment which results in final compounds or mixtures which are disposed of by means of any D1 to D12 (e.g. evaporation, drying) D10 Incineration on land D15 Storage of waste pending its disposal

* fluorescent tubes and other m ercury containing waste [T]

LEGAL PERSONS / COMPANIES 6Operators of a take-back system 2437Producers / Sellers / Owners 756waiting for listing ?Free-raiders LISTING is done by the Ministry of the ENV O perators of a facility for WEEE dismantling: for Retela, s.r.o. 14 for Rema Systém, a.s. 39dismantlers for OFO - recycling, s.r.o. 39 Data: II/2009

Legal persons with assigned duties (COLLECTIVE SYSTEM) I

Legal persons with assigned duties (COLLECTIVE SYSTEM) II

EEE - PRODUCERS´ RESPONSIBILITY Ensure reuse of WEEE:

WHAT IS DONE with TUBES and LAMPS by Citizens I BRING ON THE COLLECTION YARD (1) BRING BACK TO THE SHOP (2) GIVE TO WASTE COMPANY (3) STILL IN THE HOUSE WITH NO USE (4) THROW AWAY IN TO DUSTBIN (5) STILL IN USE (6) GIVE TO ANYBODY ELSE FOR FREE (7) SELL TO ANYBODY ELSE (8) OTHER WAYS – partly dismantled by owner (9)

WHAT IS DONE with TUBES and LAMPS by Citizens II

COMPANIES DEALING WITH THE MANAGEMENT OF LAMPS TUBES EKOLAMP – the only operator of a take-back system of lamps and tubes Recycling and Dismantling of lamps & tubes: 1) Recyklace Ekovuk, a.s., Panenské Břežany (CZ), 2) LAREC Lampen-Recycling GmbH (DE) Both special technologies reached material recovery of 87 % (80 % is obligation since ) 3) SITA CZ, a.s. – (CZ)

Companies Dealing with the management of lightning equipment II Ecolamp – take-back system operator Recycling and Dismantling of lamps and lightning equipment: 1) Recyklace Ekovuk, a.s., Panenské Břežany (CZ), 2) MHM Eko, s.r.o., Praha, (CZ) 3) Ekopart, s.r.o., Vamberk, (CZ) Companies reached material recovery of 73 % (70 % is obligation since )

Take-back network covers all towns with > 5000 inhabitants

Capitol of Prague Collection Yards

Winter ( ) Summer ( ) MON13:00-17:0013:00-18:00 TUEClosed WED7:30-11:30 THUClosed FRI13:00-17:0013:00-18:00 SAT8:00-12:00

“FEED the E-aliens“

FINANCING CONSUMER MUNICIPALITY WASTE COMPANY TAKE-BACK SYSTEM WASTE COMPANY MATERIAL USER SELLER TAKE-BACK SYSTEM WASTE COMPANY MATERIAL USER WASTE COMPANY

PROBLEMS AND ??? Biggest problems and challenges: - Obtain WEEE, lamps and tubes back from the citizens Different methods to work with households: a) collection based on surcharge positive/negative price, b) collection voluntary, no surcharge (separate collection into containers in the streets), schools c) motivated collection (collection with advertisement, commercial competition etc.).

MOTIVATION NOW customer can „BUY NEW (€) -and- LEAVE OLD (free/discount)“ „BUY NEW (€) -and- COMPANY GO FOR OLD (€)“ PROPOSAL customer can „JUST LEAVE OLD up to 5 kg for FREE“ only shops > 200 m 2

Jaromír MANHART Ministry of the Environment Environmental Damage Department Vršovická PRAHA 10 Česká republika Thank you for your attention