 DO NOW ~ Take out your Preliminary Planning for your IB 20 th Century Internal Assessment (20% of your IB Exam Grade!!!!!)  In your notebook answer the following WARM UP: 1) Prior to WWI who was in charge of Germany? Why did he give up his power? 2) Who replaced the leader of WWI? 3) What government was set up after WWI? 4) What political parties were established following WWI? 5) What book did Hitler write and what did it outline?

Prior to WWI who was in charge of Germany? Why did he give up his power? - The authoritarian Kaiser Wilhelm II Who replaced the leader of WWI? - The socialist gov’t Friedrich Ebert (signed the armistice to end WWI & a new democratic constitution was drawn up in the town of Weimar) What government was set up after WWI? - Weimar Republic What political parties were established following WWI? - Spartacus League (KPD), SPD, & Conservative Elite, NSDAP, DNVP What book did Hitler write and what did it outline? - Mein Kampf & His political ideology for the Nazi Party and hatred of Jews & communist

 After the failed 1924 Munich Putsch Hitler was jailed and released 9 months later  Nazi party changes its tactics, tightening party discipline and contesting in Reichstag elections  The SS was set up in 1925 – 1926 as Hitler’s personal bodyguards  The SA were re-founded in 1926 with its “brown-shirt” uniforms

 In 1928 under Chancellor Muller a coalition formed  In a coalition two or more top parties in a parliamentary system form a ruling coalition together  The SPD, DVP (German People’s Party) & DDP (German Democratic Party) made up the coalition

 Withdrawal of US loans led to 6 million people being unemployed in 1932 in Germany  Allowed extremist parties such as Nazis and communist to make promises for future prosperity  As the depression worsened support and political differences in the SPD, DVP, & DDP led to a breakup of the coalition

 Chancellor Muller asked President Hindenburg for emergency powers under Article 48 of the Constitution to rule and was denied  Hindenburg would appoint Heinrich Bruning to be chancellor and granting him Article 48 powers  Bruning would push through many domestic policies (reduced welfare spending, lower wages, increased taxes, & increased taxes)  These changes were very unpopular in the midst of the Great Depression  The Reichstag voted to reverse these measures in the summer of 1930  President Hindenburg dissolved the Reichstag in 1930 resulting in new elections and significant gains for the Nazis and Communist Parties

 Break up of the Grand Coalition in March 1930 followed 5 Reichstag elections in 3 years  Chancellor Heinrich Bruning (March 1930 – May 1932)  Franz von Papen (June 1932 – Nov. 1932)  Kurt von Schleicher (Dec – January 1933)  All struggled to rule without parliamentary majorities and were propped up by the use of the presidents decree powers (Article 48)

 In 1930  Nazis vote went from 3% to 18%  In 1932  Hitler ran for President and won 30% of the vote (Nazis held 107 seats)  Hitler lost the presidential election to Paul von Hindenburg  Hitler offered Vice-Chancellor (rejects it) The SA wanted to grasp power by REVOLUTION!!!

 Nov Reichstag election saw Nazi support decline  Suggested that the Nazi electoral fortunes had peaked  Chancellor von Papen found himself faced by a hostile Reichstag & even considered using the army to force its dismissal & adopt a new constitution  von Schleicher (minister of defense) opposed this action and feared civil war  President Hindenburg was forced to dismiss von Papen and made von Schleicher the chancellor (Dec. 1932)

 Von Schleicher hoped to lure the more left wing ‘socialist’ element of the Nazi Party away from the mainstream Nazism and a potential party split  Hitler however demanded ‘total obedience’ from his followers  Due to support for von Schleicher failing to deal with the depression effectively President Hindenburg was forced to turn back to von Papen once more…at this point both knew the future gov’t would have to include Hitler

 Von Papen & Hindenburg were convinced that Nazis were in decline & felt Hitler was too weak to threaten traditional elite rule  Felt ok with offering Hitler the chancellorship with just two Nazi cabinet posts alongside nine national ministers  Hitler becomes chancellor on Jan. 30 th 1933 to head a gov’t with von Papen as the deputy  Hitler, Hindenburg, and von Papen were content with the ‘backstairs intrigue’  Von Papen believed that he had backed Hitler into a corner with only two cabinet posts in the ministry

 Hitler called for immediate elections launching a massive propaganda campaign

Treaty of Versailles Black Tuesday stock market crashes Great Depression during 1930s Increasing influence of new political parties that emphasize state control - For example: Communism, Nazism, Fascism Total Control of State by a Dictator

February 1933  The Reichstag building burnt down.  A communist was found inside the building. He admitted responsibility.  Chancellor Hitler was able to convince people that the Communists were trying to take power by terrorism.  He was able to have the Communists banned from the Reichstag.

March 1933 HITLER CAN RULE ALONE FOR FOUR YEARS. THERE IS NO NEED TO CONSULT THE REICHSTAG. Communist and all other parties were banned from the Reichstag stag. It destroyed the Reichstag allowing the chancellor to issue laws without consultation for a period of four years.

THE ENABLING ACT GAVE HITLER THE POWER TO MAKE HIS OWN LAWS. SO, HE BANNED ALL OTHER POLITICAL PARTIES! SPD- Social Democrats KPD- Communists DDP- German Democratic Zentrum- German Centre Party (Catholic)

 B – Day 50 Notes………………12/10  A – Day 50 Notes………………12/11  Timeline Due ~ 12/8 B Day  Timeline Due ~ 12/9 A Day