Chapter 21 Economic and Social Unrest

Industrialization By 1830, Industry had moved from England to the rest of Europe. Many people opposed this. Why?

Toward an Industrial Society The Industrial Revolution began in England with the Textile Industry. It began here first because of several factors including Britain’s natural resources, adequate capital, native technological skills, a growing food supply, a social structure that allowed considerable mobility, and a strong foreign domstic demand for goods

Britain Britain was able to trade with many because of 1- The fall of Napoleon 2- Latin American wars of Independence opened the markets of South America 3- The US and Canada wanted foreign goods. 4- Britain controlled India and thusly controlled southern Asian markets. 5- British banks dominated the international markets.

While industrialization spread, the population of Europe exploded. Example France goes from 32.5 million people in 1831 to 35.8 in The population growth but pressure on the physical resources of the cities. Migration from the countryside meant that existing housing, water, sewers, food supplies, and lighting were completely inadequate. Slums and crime increased during this period.

The Pace of Industrialization From Germany eastward, the pace of industrialization was much slower because of the absence of a fluid market fro free labor moving to cities. In England, France, and Low Countries, people living in the countryside could do so freely. But in Germany, eastern Europe, and Russia migration was hard for serfs as they hadn’t been emancipated. And even they did become emancipated it was still hard for them. Why?