Manifest Destiny Pres. James Polk believed that people of the U.S. were part of a special nation mandated by God to spread from Atlantic to Pacific. Pres. James Polk believed that people of the U.S. were part of a special nation mandated by God to spread from Atlantic to Pacific. Settlers moved to Texas launched war of independence with Mexico 1835, requested to become part of U.S Settlers moved to Texas launched war of independence with Mexico 1835, requested to become part of U.S

After the Revolutionary War: Second Great – Awakening It was started by evangelical or religious ideas

. EVANGELICAL: *Social status did not determine person’s worth – state of their soul did. *Communities began to revolve around church activities. *Evangelical churches belonged to Methodist, Baptist and Presbyterian denominations.

Christianity among slaves *Africans (slaves) also embraced Christianity. *Preachers spoke to ALL. *Slaves related to old testament stories of Jews being enslaved and freed. *Northern states began to encourage antislavery movement - abolitionism

* Abolitionism : antislavery movement * Abolitionist: one who is involved or believes in the abolishment of slavery. - If blacks were equal to whites in God’s eyes, should they be equal in society?

Farmers Continued to Prosper Population increased Population increased New farming techniques- cured (dried) tobacco – bright leaf tobacco. New farming techniques- cured (dried) tobacco – bright leaf tobacco. Eli Whitney-cotton gin (separated cotton from sticky seeds). Eli Whitney-cotton gin (separated cotton from sticky seeds). Results=less time to clean(+), faster production(+)…more slaves needed(-). Results=less time to clean(+), faster production(+)…more slaves needed(-).

Enslaved Life Developed own culture (church, family), some had other trades, & a few bought freedom. Developed own culture (church, family), some had other trades, & a few bought freedom. Owners could whip, abuse, or kill slaves. Owners could whip, abuse, or kill slaves. Traveled at night, carried passes. Traveled at night, carried passes. Pattie Rollers-policed nightly Pattie Rollers-policed nightly

Westward Expansion Louisiana Purchase Louisiana Purchase 1803 US bought Louisiana Territory from Napoleon Bonaparte of France US bought Louisiana Territory from Napoleon Bonaparte of France. James Madison, who was Sec. of State under Pres. Jefferson paid 15 million dollars for 828,000 square miles (3 cents an acre). James Madison, who was Sec. of State under Pres. Jefferson paid 15 million dollars for 828,000 square miles (3 cents an acre).

The Louisiana Purchase

The Lewis & Clark Expedition Pres Jefferson sent Meriwether Lewis & William Clark on an expedition to learn about lands in the Louisiana Territory. Pres Jefferson sent Meriwether Lewis & William Clark on an expedition to learn about lands in the Louisiana Territory. Purpose was to follow Missouri River and find an all-water route to Pacific Ocean. Purpose was to follow Missouri River and find an all-water route to Pacific Ocean. Sacajawea – helped guide to the Shoshone who supplied the expedition. Sacajawea – helped guide to the Shoshone who supplied the expedition. The whole expedition took 28 mos and covered 7,500 miles. The whole expedition took 28 mos and covered 7,500 miles.

War of 1812 See Handout and Power Point only on War of See Handout and Power Point only on War of 1812.

RIP VAN WINKLE Internal Improvements are efforts made to improve the individual state. Internal Improvements are efforts made to improve the individual state. A stagnant western economy, lack of investment in schools, and the elite’s hold on political power had NC declining socially & economically. A stagnant western economy, lack of investment in schools, and the elite’s hold on political power had NC declining socially & economically. NC becomes known as the RIP VAN WINKLE State – story about an old man who fell asleep for 20 years. NC becomes known as the RIP VAN WINKLE State – story about an old man who fell asleep for 20 years.

Archibald DeBow Murphy 1815 NC State Senator - humanitarian 1815 NC State Senator - humanitarian Developed a plan for new roads, waterways, and public education. Developed a plan for new roads, waterways, and public education. Murphy’s proposals fell on deaf ears and no action was taken. Murphy’s proposals fell on deaf ears and no action was taken.

Improvements Plank roads, charter railroads, 1 st public schools (called common schools)!! Plank roads, charter railroads, 1 st public schools (called common schools)!! 1 st gold found in of NC-small deposits-Mint 1 st gold found in of NC-small deposits-Mint More ventured west-acquired more territory through fighting and diplomacy. More ventured west-acquired more territory through fighting and diplomacy New State Constitution New State Constitution.

Points of Interest Pages Industrial Revolution Industrial Revolution Archibald DeBow Murphy Archibald DeBow Murphy Dorothea Dix Dorothea Dix Basil Thomasson Basil Thomasson Gold Rush Gold Rush

Indian Removal Act Pres. Andrew Jackson decided to move the Indians out of the way of the settlers. Pres. Andrew Jackson decided to move the Indians out of the way of the settlers. The Act called for the Indians to trade their southern land for land in the west. Each band would be assigned a reservation that would eventually become the state of Oklahoma. The Act called for the Indians to trade their southern land for land in the west. Each band would be assigned a reservation that would eventually become the state of Oklahoma. Indians did not want to move. Troops rounded up the Indians at gunpoint and forced them to move. Some moved peacefully but others fought. Indians did not want to move. Troops rounded up the Indians at gunpoint and forced them to move. Some moved peacefully but others fought.

Trail of Tears In 1838, 17,000 Cherokee and 2,000 slaves, who were owned by the Cherokee, left NC, GA, AL, & Tenn. and headed for Oklahoma. In 1838, 17,000 Cherokee and 2,000 slaves, who were owned by the Cherokee, left NC, GA, AL, & Tenn. and headed for Oklahoma. Walked every step… an estimated 4,000 died. Walked every step… an estimated 4,000 died.

Abolition 1820 all northern states had abolished slavery all northern states had abolished slavery. Country divided free states vs. slave states Country divided free states vs. slave states When U.S. gains new territories – Congress decides whether slavery allowed. When U.S. gains new territories – Congress decides whether slavery allowed.

Abolition Nat Turner – slave preacher, led group of slaves in raids on plantations along VA & NC – result: harsher treatment of slaves. Nat Turner – slave preacher, led group of slaves in raids on plantations along VA & NC – result: harsher treatment of slaves. NC 1776 state constitution all free men had voting rights constitution only whites allowed to vote. NC 1776 state constitution all free men had voting rights constitution only whites allowed to vote. Uncle Tom’s Cabin – Harriet Beecher Stowe Uncle Tom’s Cabin – Harriet Beecher Stowe

Plantation vs. Industry South – land, slaves, cotton. Agricultural region South – land, slaves, cotton. Agricultural region North – merchants, trade, shipping. Manufacturing North – merchants, trade, shipping. Manufacturing

Nullification Crisis Tariffs or import taxes helped the north hurt the south. Tariffs or import taxes helped the north hurt the south. Issue whether federal government can tell a state what to do. Issue whether federal government can tell a state what to do. States claimed that if they disagreed with federal law they could refuse to enforce it within the state’s boundaries. State’s Rights States claimed that if they disagreed with federal law they could refuse to enforce it within the state’s boundaries. State’s Rights

Missouri Compromise 1820 Missouri Compromise established a line at the Missouri southern border Missouri Compromise established a line at the Missouri southern border. Missouri would be a slave state – Maine would not. Missouri would be a slave state – Maine would not. All states below the line would allow slaves. All states below the line would allow slaves. All states above the line, except Missouri, would be free states. All states above the line, except Missouri, would be free states.

Kansas – Nebraska Act Residents of Kansas and Nebraska could vote on whether to allow slaves or not. Residents of Kansas and Nebraska could vote on whether to allow slaves or not John Brown – Kansas preacher lead a raid in Harper’s Ferry, VA 1859 John Brown – Kansas preacher lead a raid in Harper’s Ferry, VA Election 1860 key issue is slavery Election 1860 key issue is slavery NC doesn’t place Lincoln’s name on ballot NC doesn’t place Lincoln’s name on ballot December 20, 1860 South Carolina secedes from the Union. December 20, 1860 South Carolina secedes from the Union.